论文总字数:35966字
摘 要
随着企业制定网络战略和技术路线图,SD-WAN(Software-Define WAN, 广域软件定义网络)成为重要的网络转型解决方案,提供了通过控制器下发配置和策略、应用的深度识别、链路的质量检测等功能特性。越来越多的用户把关注点从网络的连通性转移到业务的可用性上,如业务的可获得性、响应速度和业务质量等。在SD-WAN场景下,根据用户的带宽需求和链路的质量情况,随链路质量变化情况动态切换业务数据的传输链路,动态的实现骨干网流量的全局路径优化,成为各大SD-WAN厂商需要解决的问题。
本文在对现有选路技术方案和框架进行分析比较的基础上,设计并实现了基于SD-WAN场景的带宽选路功能。在路由器设备上,支持应用优先级选路、链路优先级选路、根据应用流量所占带宽以及链路带宽条件选路、优先占用和负载分担两种调度模式的选路、以及主从路由器设备选路一致性。在链路隧道建立后,通过流量触发,对各类应用进行分类,主动探测链路质量并匹配业务的需求,识别关键业务,保证其带宽,选择一条最优链路转发业务数据,对非关键业务流量进行让路,从而保证关键业务平稳、高效运转,有效的避免网络拥塞等问题。
最后将带宽选路功能运用到SD-WAN解决方案中,通过一系列的自动化用例和手工用例的测试,验证了良好的功能性和稳定性,最终投入企业级的策略部署。
关键词:SD-WAN,带宽选路,应用优先级,链路质量
ABSTRACT
As enterprises develop network strategies and technology roadmaps, SD-WAN (Software-Define WAN, Wide Area Software Defined Network) becomes an important network transformation solution, providing functional features such as configuration and policies through controllers, deep identification of applications, link quality detection. More and more users are shifting their focus from network connectivity to service availability, such as service availability, responsiveness, and quality. In the SD-WAN scenario, according to the bandwidth requirements of the user and the quality of the link, the transmission link of the service data is dynamically switched according to the link quality change, and the dynamic global path optimization for backbone network traffic, becoming the major problem that the manufacturer needs to solve.
Based on the analysis and comparison of the existing routing technology solutions and frameworks, this paper designs and implements the bandwidth routing function based on the SD-WAN scenario. On the router device, it supports application priority routing, link priority routing, and application bandwidth and link bandwidth condition routing, the routing of the two scheduling modes of prefect first and load sharing, and master-slave router device routing consistency. After the link tunnel is set up, traffic is triggered to classify various applications, proactively detect link quality and match service requirements, identify key services, ensure bandwidth, and select an optimal link to forward service data. Business traffic is given way to ensure smooth and efficient operation of key services, effectively avoiding network congestion and other issues.
Finally, the bandwidth routing function is applied to the SD-WAN solution. Through a series of automated use cases and manual use case tests, the good functionality and stability are verified, and finally the enterprise-level policy deployment is put into use.
Keywords: SD-WAN, bandwidth routing, application priority, link quality
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第一章 绪论 1
1.1 课题的背景 1
1.2 研究现状 1
1.3 研究目标和内容 3
1.4 研究组织结构 3
第二章 SD-WAN解决方案下的选路技术 5
2.1 SD-WAN解决方案下的选路说明 5
2.2 SD-WAN解决方案下的带宽选路技术背景 6
2.2.1 SD-WAN“转控分离”的特征 6
2.2.2 SD-WAN设备上的基本数据——流 7
2.2.3令牌桶技术 8
2.3 现有选路设计方案的比较 9
第三章 带宽选路需求分析与概要设计 11
3.1 带宽选路需求分析 11
3.1.1 SD-WAN带宽选路应用场景 11
3.1.2 原有选路存在的问题 12
3.1.3 SD-WAN带宽选路需求说明 12
3.2 带宽选路概要设计 13
3.2.1 SD-WAN带宽选路的应用过程 13
3.2.2 SD-WAN带宽选路的总体架构 14
3.2.3 SD-WAN带宽选路的功能设计 16
第四章 带宽选路技术详细设计与实现 19
4.1 架构实现和选路策略表项说明 19
4.1.1 带宽选路模块 19
4.1.2 数据策略表项格式 19
4.2 控制平面选路模块 21
4.2.1 选路策略下发和刷新 21
4.2.2 链路状态判断及刷新 23
4.2.3 支持优先占用调度模式的选路 25
4.3 转发平面选路模块 26
4.3.1 支持基于应用优先级选路 26
4.3.2 支持带宽条件选路 29
4.3.3 支持主从设备调度跟随选路 31
4.3.4 支持负载分担的综合策略选路 32
第五章 带宽选路技术的验证与应用 35
5.1 实验环境 35
5.2 功能验证 37
5.3 性能验证 42
第六章 工作总结与展望 44
6.1 总结 44
6.2 展望 44
参考文献 46
致 谢 48
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