论文总字数:34546字
摘 要
由于过去经济条件的限制,非洲地区部分公路不得不修建在软土地区,且对于软土地基处理不力,随着社会、经济的发展,已经不能满足日益增长的交通需求,需要对已有公路进行拓宽。
软土地区的老路在经过长时间的运营,已经形成了较为稳定的沉降,在此基础上,进行拓宽,必然会造成老路的进一步沉降等一系列问题。目前,考虑到经济条件的限制,非洲软土地区的公路拓宽有很多需要解决的难题,如差异沉降的控制,路面的协调变形等,目前关于此方面尚没有明确的规范。本文依据法国路面结构设计标准确定了三种不同的路面结构进行了设计验算,根据静力等效原则将标准轴载转换为适用于二维平面的荷载,并基于ABAQUS有限元软件,将软土地区已有公路设为初始条件,对拓宽工程进行建模分析,基于软土地基和路基的变形特征,研究软土地基上公路拓宽工程的差异沉降控制问题,分析了三种路面结构的应变与变形分布规律,路基坡脚的侧向位移,变形附加应力以及地基孔隙水压力的变化,提取应变的模拟值与按照计算确定的计算值、根据标准确定的容许极限值进行对比,确定与软土地基变形相匹配的结构组合形式,遴选变形适应能力强的路面结构,开展路基变形协调设计。
关键词:软土、公路拓宽、力学响应、路面结构、差异沉降
ABSTRACT
Due to the limitations of economic conditions in the past, some roads in Africa have to be built in soft soil areas, and the treatment of soft soil foundation is not effective. With the development of society and economy, the increasing traffic demand cannot be met, so the existing roads need to be widened.
After a long period of operation, the old road in the soft land area has formed a relatively stable settlement. On this basis, widening will inevitably cause a series of problems such as further settlement of the old road. At present, considering the limitations of economic conditions, there are many problems to be solved in the widening of roads in Africa's soft soil areas, such as the control of differential settlement and the coordinated deformation of road surface, etc. At present, there is no clear specification on this aspect. According to French standards identified three different types of pavement structure design, the design and checking calculation of pavement structure, according to static equivalent principle of the standard axle load conversion is applied to two-dimensional plane load, and based on the finite element software ABAQUS, the existing highway in soft soil area is set to the initial conditions, to broaden the project modeling analysis, based on the deformation characteristics of soft soil and subgrade, research on soft soil foundation highway widening engineering problem of differential settlement control, analyzes the distribution of three kinds of strain and deformation of the pavement structure, the lateral displacement of embankment slope foot, deformation and additional stress and the change of the pore water pressure of foundation, The simulated value of extracted strain was compared with the calculated value determined according to the calculation and the allowable limit value determined according to the standard, and the structural combination form matching with the soft soil foundation deformation was determined. The pavement structure with strong adaptability to deformation was selected to carry out the coordinated design of subgrade deformation.
KEY WORDS: soft soil, highway widening, mechanical response, pavement structure, differential settlement
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第一章 绪论 1
1.1研究背景与意义 1
1.2国内外研究现状 3
1.2.1软土特性 3
1.2.2固结理论的发展 3
1.2.3路基沉降的计算 4
1.2.4沥青混凝土路面结构设计 5
1.2.5软土地区公路拓宽研究设计发展 6
1.3存在的主要问题 8
1.4主要研究内容及技术路线 9
第二章 基于法国标准的路面变形协调设计 11
2.1交通量预测 11
2.1.1标准轴载数量 11
2.1.2交通量计算风险及等级 12
2.2材料属性及路面结构设计 13
2.3设计验算 14
2.3.1路面结构的容许极限值计算 14
2.3.2实际路面结构的应变计算 17
2.4本章小结 17
第三章 ABAQUS软件模拟原理及模型创建 19
3.1 ABAQUS介绍 19
3.2流固耦合 19
3.2.1渗流的连续方程 19
3.2.2土体应力平衡方程 20
3.3有限元软件模拟思路 21
3.4模型框架及材料取值 21
3.5模型创建 23
3.5.1 Part(部件)模块 23
3.5.2 Property(属性)模块 23
3.5.3 Assembly(装配)模块 23
3.5.4 Step(分析步)模块 26
3.5.5 Interaction(相互作用)模块 27
3.5.6 Load(载荷)模块 27
3.5.7 Mesh(网格)模块 28
3.6本章小结 28
第四章 力学响应分析 29
4.1老路地基沉降 29
4.2拓宽地基沉降 32
4.3路基坡脚侧向位移 34
4.4路基沉降 35
4.5路面结构变形 37
4.6路面变形附加应力 39
4.7孔隙水压力 42
4.8路面结构层的应变对比 45
4.9本章小结 46
第五章 总结归纳 47
5.1主要结论 47
5.2未来展望 48
参考文献 49
致谢 51
第一章 绪论
1.1研究背景与意义
自从20世纪七八十年代开始,以陆运为主体的现代交通运输系统进入非洲,逐步使非洲各国的国内、国际联系更加密切,有数据[1]表明,公路交通承担了80%~90%的国内和国际间的运输量。
近二十年来,中国在非洲、东南亚等地区的海外公路建设业务发展迅猛。仅非洲地区而言,截至2013年底,中国企业在非洲累计修筑公路超过3500公里。海外大量公路建设项目的实施,既显著推动了当地的社会经济发展,也有力地支持了国家“走出去”战略,对深化中国企业参与国际经济技术合作发挥了积极作用。
剩余内容已隐藏,请支付后下载全文,论文总字数:34546字
该课题毕业论文、开题报告、外文翻译、程序设计、图纸设计等资料可联系客服协助查找;