社会网络、就业选择与幸福感的研究——基于CFPS数据的实证研究

论文总字数：30175字

摘 要

提高居民幸福感、获得感一直是我们党和政府政策追求的目标之一。本文利用2016年CFPS数据，采用Ordered Probit模型进行实证分析研究幸福感与社会网络、就业选择的关系并得出以下结论：社会网络规模的扩大可以提高居民的幸福感，高质量的社会网络也能提高居民幸福感，影响机制一是主要通过调动更多的社会资源影响居民健康水平，进而提高居民幸福感，二是通过提高资金流动性，拓宽融资渠道来提高居民应对风险的能力和消费水平，进而提高居民幸福感。本文根据中国国情，将就业选择分为体制内外、创业还是受雇于人两个角度进行研究，研究发现尽管人们不满意体制内的工作的收入和晋升速度，但由于工作稳定和闲暇时间较多，再加上传统观念的加持，使得人们仍旧倾向于选择体制内，对体制内的工作满意度较高，这种较高的工作满意度直接提升了他们的主观幸福感。而创业对居民主观幸福感的影响不是很明确，创业对目前生活满意度低，但对未来的信心程度高。这可能是因为创业前期较长的工作时间、较大的风险和压力导致生活满意度低，但由于对未来高收益的展望，使得对未来的信心程度较高。

关键词：幸福感；社会网络；就业选择；实证分析

Abstract

One of the goals which our party and government pursued is mproving the level of people’s happiness and gain. Based on 2016 CFPS data, this article adopted the Ordered Probit model to carry on the empirical analysis and reach to the following conclusions. The social network with great scale or high quality can improve the well-being of people. One of the influencing mechanism is mainly through mobilizing more social resources to affect residents' health level. The other one is through easing liquidity constraint and broadening the financing channels to improve people’s ability to manage risk and the level of consumption, and then to improve people’s happiness. According to China's national conditions, the employment choice can be divided into inside or outside of the system and self-employed or employed by others to study. The study found that although people are not satisfied with income and promotion speed within the system, but due to the stabilization and more leisure time which the job itself has and the traditional concept, people still tend to choose job which in system and has a higher satisfaction.

The higher job satisfaction directly enhances their subjective well-being. However, the impact of entrepreneurship on residents' subjective well-being is not very clear, that is, the entrepreneurship leads to low life satisfaction at now but high confidence in the future. This may be due to the long working time, high pressure and high risk in the early stage of entrepreneurship, which leads to low life satisfaction. However, due to the prospect of high returns in the future, the degree of confidence to the future is high.

KEY WORDS: Happiness; Social networks; Employment choice; the empirical analysis

目 录

摘要……………………………………………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ

Abstract………………………………………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ

第一章 绪论 1

1.1选题背景及研究意义 1

1.2核心概念界定 2

1.3研究内容、思路与方法 2

第二章 理论基础及文献综述 4

2.1理论基础 4

2.1.1马斯洛需求理论 4

2.1.2伊斯特林悖论 4

2.1.3 弱关系假设 4

2.2文献综述 4

2.2.1 就业选择与居民幸福感的文献综述 5

2.2.2社会网络与居民幸福感的文献综述 5

2.2.3 社会网络影响就业选择的文献综述 6

2.2.4 社会网络的其他作用以及影响机制启示 6

第三章 模型设计与实证分析 8

3.1 数据来源与变量设定 8

3.1.1数据来源 8

3.1.2 变量定义 8

3.2实证分析 11

3.2.1社会网络与居民主观幸福感 11

3.2.2就业选择与居民幸福感 13

3.2.3社会网络和就业选择的交叉项对幸福感的影响 15

3.2.4 2014年数据实证结果 16

第四章 影响机制分析 17

4.1社会网络影响居民幸福感的机制 17

4.1.1社会网络影响居民幸福感的机制：健康状况 17

4.1.2社会网络影响居民幸福感的机制：民间借贷 18

4．2就业选择影响居民幸福感的机制 18

4.2.1 工作不同方面满意度对居民幸福感的影响效果 19

4.2.2 就业选择对工作不同方面满意度的具体影响 20

4.3、 内生性分析 22

第五章 结论及政策建议 23

5.1 结论 23

5.2 政策建议 23

参考文献 25

致 谢 27

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