PDMS膜渗透汽化分离低浓度乙酰丙酸水溶液

论文总字数：28880字

摘 要

渗透汽化是膜分离技术中具有代表性的一种技术，相较于传统的分离手段如精馏、萃取等技术，具有单级选择性好；操作简便，易于掌握；使用寿命较长；清洁环保；节约能源等优点。在现有研究中，渗透汽化分离技术的开发与应用离不开渗透汽化膜的研究，对于不同的分离物体系，应研究设计不同的渗透汽化分离膜，以使得分离效果达到最佳。在已研究并有一定的工业应用的渗透汽化膜中，聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）膜是一种较为通用且易制得的渗透汽化膜。

本实验通过利用交联剂正硅酸四乙酯和4A型分子筛（钠-A型分子筛）对PDMS膜进行改性，并利用改性后的PDMS膜对低浓度乙酰丙酸水溶液进行了渗透汽化分离实验，对操作变量如操作温度、透过侧压力（真空度）、原料质量分数、进料浓度等进行了对比实验，以及简单的SEM表征分析，并通过一定的数据分析和拟合找到最适合的操作条件。本实验对于该方案下制作的PDMS膜的渗透汽化分离能力进行了探索研究，并证明其实际可行性。

关于渗透汽化膜，本实验仅仅研究了传统的PDMS膜的性能改进实验，未对一些当下流行的新型渗透汽化膜进行深入的研究和探索，具有一定的局限性。

关键词：渗透汽化；PDMS膜；膜分离；分离工程

Abstract

Pervaporation is a representative technology in membrane separation technology. Compared with traditional separation methods such as distillation and extraction, it has single-stage selectivity; easy to operate, easy to master; long service life; clean and environmentally friendly ; Saving energy and other advantages. In the existing research, the development and application of pervaporation separation technology is inseparable from the research of pervaporation membrane. For different separation systems, different pervaporation separation membranes should be designed to achieve the best separation effect. Among the pervaporation membranes which have been studied and have certain industrial applications, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membranes are a relatively versatile and easily produced pervaporation membrane.

In this experiment, the PDMS membrane was modified by using the cross-linking agent tetraethyl orthosilicate and molecular sieve 4A molecular sieve (sodium-A molecular sieve), and the modified PDMS membrane was used to permeate the low concentration levulinic acid aqueous solution. Pervaporization separation experiments, comparative experiments on possible operating variables such as operating temperature, permeate side pressure (vacuum), raw material mass fraction, feed concentration, etc., as well as simple SEM characterization analysis, and through certain data analysis and simulation to find the most suitable operating conditions. In this experiment, the pervaporation separation ability of the PDMS membrane produced under this scheme was explored and its practical feasibility was proved.

Regarding the pervaporation membrane, this experiment only studied the performance improvement experiment of the traditional PDMS membrane, and did not conduct some further research and exploration on some of the popular pervaporation membranes, which has certain limitations.

Keywords: Pervaporation; PDMS membrane; Membrane separation; Separation engineerin

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1引言 1

1.2膜分离技术 1

1.3渗透汽化 2

1.3.1渗透汽化基础知识 4

1.3.2渗透汽化膜的常用制造方法 5

1.3.3渗透汽化膜 6

1.4本文研究目的和主要研究内容 7

第二章 PDMS膜的制备和渗透汽化分离实验 8

2.1前言 8

2.2实验部分 8

2.2.1实验试剂 8

2.2.2实验仪器 8

2.2.3PDMS膜均质膜的制备 9

2.2.4渗透汽化分离乙酰丙酸水溶液实验步骤 10

2.3 PDMS膜分离性能评价指标 11

2.3.1分离系数 11

2.3.2渗透通量 11

2.3.3渗透汽化分离系数 11

第三章 PDMS膜渗透汽化分离实验结果与讨论 13

3.1 原料（4A型分子筛）质量分数的影响 13

3.2操作温度的影响 16

3.3透过侧压力的影响 19

3.4进料浓度的影响 21

3.5PDMS膜的溶解吸附平衡 24

3.6PDMS膜微观形貌SEM表征 25

3.7本章小结 27

第四章 总结与展望 28

4.1总结 28

4.2展望 28

致 谢 29

参考文献（Reference） 30

第一章 绪论

剩余内容已隐藏，请支付后下载全文，论文总字数：28880字