多路微反应器温度控制系统研制

论文总字数：27644字

摘 要

作为微反应器之一的微流控芯片现在已成为进行生物及化学实验的重要器件之一。在进行不同实验时，微流控芯片对温度有着不同的要求，因此需要设计一个温度控制电路控制微流控芯片的温度。本文设计了对加热微流控芯片的C-PDMS复合材料进行温度控制的电路，包括硬件设计，软件设计以及实验调试。

在硬件设计部分，本文利用DS18B20传感器设计了温度采集电路，利用LCD1602以及独立按键设计了显示与按键模块电路，并且设计了温度控制电路。与此同时，还对各个模块电路的工作原理进行了解释。

在软件设计部分，本文分别对温度采集模块，显示模块与按键模块，温度控制算法进行了编程，实现了通过PID算法来控制PWM波的占空比从而控制加热功率的功能。

实验调试部分则通过对PID参数的整定以及运算区间的设置，将温控的误差控制在1°C范围内，并对实验结果做了相应的分析。

关键词：温度采集、PWM、温度控制、PID算法

Abstract

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As one of the microreactors, microfluidic chip plays an important role for biological and chemical experiments. In different experiments, microfluidic chips have different requirements for temperature, so a circuit is needed to control the temperature of microfluidic chips. In this paper, the temperature control circuit of C-PDMS composite material for heating microfluidic chip is designed, including hardware design, software design and experimental debugging.

In the part of hardware design, the paper uses DS18B20 sensor to design the temperature acquisition circuit, uses LCD1602 and independent keys to design the display and key module circuit, and designs the temperature control circuit. Meanwhile, the paper also explains the working principle of each module.

In the part of software design, the temperature acquisition module, display module, key module and temperature control algorithm are programmed respectively. Besides, the paper uses PID algorithm to control the duty cycle of PWM output, thus realizing the function of controlling the power of heating source.

In the part of experiment debugging, the error of temperature control is restricted in the range of 1°C by setting the parameters of PID and setting the operation interval, and the experimental results are analyzed accordingly.

Key words: temperature acquisition, PWM, temperature control, PID algorithm

目 录

摘要 ...........................................................................................................................Ⅰ

Abstract .......................................................................................................................Ⅱ

第一章 绪论 ..............................................................................................................1

1.1 选题背景 ...................................................................................................1

1.2 研究现状 ...................................................................................................1

1.3 课题主要工作 ...........................................................................................3

第二章 硬件设计 .......................................................................................................4

2.1 中心控制模块设计 ....................................................................................4

2.1.1 控制芯片的选择 ...........................................................................4

2.1.2 STC89C52单片机简介...................................................................4

2.1.3 单片机控制模块电路设计 ...........................................................5

2.2 温度采集电路设计 ....................................................................................6

2.2.1 温度测量方法 ...............................................................................6

2.2.2 DS18B20温度传感器介绍 ..........................................................7

2.2.3 DS18B20温度采集电路.................................................................8

2.3 温度控制电路设计 ....................................................................................9

2.4 按键及显示电路设计 ...............................................................................11

2.5 本章小结 ...................................................................................................12

1. 软件设计 ......................................................................................................13

3.1 总体程序设计 ...........................................................................................13

3.2 温度采集模块设计.....................................................................................13

3.3 显示模块设计 ...........................................................................................15

3.4 按键模块设计 ...........................................................................................16

3.5 PWM波输出设计 ....................................................................................17

3.6 PID算法设计 .............................................................................................18

3.7 本章小结 ...................................................................................................20

1. 系统测试 ......................................................................................................21
2. 总结与展望 ..................................................................................................27

致谢 ..........................................................................................................................28

参考文献（References）.............................................................................................29

第一章 绪论

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