高频高效的阵列式变压器设计

论文总字数：24198字

摘 要

隔离型DC／DC变换器的发展方向是高效率和更高的功率密度。变压器具有隔离和变压的功能，是电源系统的重要组成部分。隔离的高输出电流DC / DC转换器对于未来的数据中心电源架构至关重要。但是传统变压器由于其漏感和绕组交流损耗等原因在高频时很难保证变换器的高效率，而基于矩阵变压器构建的LLC谐振转换器具有高频时高效率和高功率密度的优点，于是基于矩阵变压器构建的LLC谐振转换器更适合于这些应用。

本文对变压器的主要参数进行一定程度的介绍，然后介绍了矩阵变压器和矩阵变压器的具体参数以及当前研究现状。矩阵变压器具有薄型，高频操作，更高功率密度，制造和集成简单的优点。矩阵变压器通过将元件的初级绕组串联连接并且将次级绕组并联连接，获得所需的匝数比，而且可以将大的二次电流均匀地分配到不同的同步整流器。本文分析了矩阵变压器在其设计过程中各方面相关参数的各种折中优化，最终确定设计方案。本文介绍了Maxwell软件的有限元电磁仿真的仿真原理。通过Altium Designer绘制出矩阵变压器的PCB。最终，利用Maxwell 软件进行电磁仿真得到矩阵变压器的各种工作特性及寄生参数。

通过分析仿真结果，可以发现所设计的矩阵变压器的磁通密度有所降低。说明这种结构采用的磁通消除方法有效。

关键词：矩阵变压器 LLC谐振器 电磁仿真

Abstract

The development direction of isolated DC/DC converter is high efficiency and higher power density. Transformer is an important part of power supply system, that has the function of isolation and voltage conversion. Isolated high output current DC / DC converters are critical to the future data center power architecture. However, the traditional transformer is difficult to ensure the high efficiency of the converter at high frequency because of its leakage inductance and winding AC loss. LLC resonant converters based on matrix transformers have the advantages of high efficiency and high power density at high frequencies, so LLC resonant converters based on matrix transformers are more suitable for these applications.

This paper introduces the main parameters of transformer to a certain extent, and then introduces the specific parameters of matrix transformer and matrix transformer as well as the current research status. Matrix transformer has the advantages of thin type, high frequency operation, higher power density, simple manufacture and integration. The matrix transformer obtains the required turn ratio by connecting the primary windings of the elements in series and the secondary windings in parallel, and the large secondary current can be evenly distributed to different synchronous rectifiers. In this paper, the compromise optimization of various parameters in the design process of matrix transformer is analyzed, and the design scheme is finally determined. This paper introduces the simulation principle of finite element electromagnetic simulation of Maxwell software. The PCB of matrix transformer is drawn by Altium Designer. Finally, the electromagnetic simulation of matrix transformer is carried out by using Maxwell software to obtain various working characteristics and parasitic parameters of matrix transformer

By analyzing the simulation results, it can be found that the magnetic flux density of the designed matrix transformer is reduced. It is shown that the magnetic flux elimination method employed in this structure is effective.

KEY WORDS: matrix transformer LLC resonant converter electromagnetic simulation

目 录

摘要 Ⅰ

Abstract Ⅱ

第一章 绪论 1

1.1背景 1

1.2变压器 1

1.3变压器主要参数 1

1.3.1电感 1

1.3.2反激变压器 2

1.3.3正激变压器 4

1.4LLC谐振变换器 5

1.5矩阵变压器 6

1.5.1漏感 7

1.5.2磁芯损耗 7

1.5.3绕组损耗 8

1.5.4分布电容 8

1.6研究现状 9

第二章 矩阵变压器设计 10

2.1绕组结构 10

2.2磁芯及铜厚 11

2.3磁通消除 13

2.4抑制CM噪声 15

第三章 仿真原理 17

3.1 三维涡流场分析 17

3.1.1输入参数 17

3.1.2 原理分析 17

3.2三维瞬态场分析 20

3.2.1时变磁场方程组 20

3.2.2瞬态场输入参数 20

3.3仿真步骤 21

第四章 仿真结果及数据后处理 23

4.1参数矩阵分析 25

4.2结果收敛性判断 26

4.3矢量图 27

4.4损耗计算 28

第五章 结论及展望 29

参考文献（References） 30

致谢 31

第一章 绪论

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