论文总字数：26151字

摘 要

近年来，信息化时代迅速发展以及相关应用场景不断更新，推动着信息产业的持续升级。作为传输载体的信息体量在急剧增加，通信系统中信息收发和传输量快速膨胀。传统的电缆通信与微波通信愈来愈难满足人们对高速数据传输的要求。在未来的高速信息道路上，人们会不断提高对高速信息传输系统的要求及标准。相较于传统的信息传输方式，光纤通信在通信容量、传输信号品质以及集成度上都更有优势，在现阶段与未来信息时代通信传输逐渐承担更重要的工作。

本文主要研究的是BiCMOS工艺光通信接收机跨阻放大器电路，跨阻放大器是将光检测器（光电二极管）输入的微弱电流信号转换为电压信号输出并提供一定的增益。相关电路设计需要综合考量传输速率、带宽、电路噪声等性能指标。设计过程中需要选用合理的电路结构，对各项性能进行合理折中。后续电路为可变增益放大器提供可控的增益的输出，方便之后的时钟数据恢复电路。

在本文的设计中，跨阻放大器选用双端输入的共射放大结构，实现光生电流到电压输出的转换。主放大器为可变增益放大器，选用差分Gilbert单元的VGA结构。一方面拓展电路带宽，另一方面提供一定的增益输出。本论文主要进行了电路设计和相关电路的前仿真。最终仿真电路满足40Gb/s速率传输，系统带宽达到31.28GHz，满足设计指标要求。

关键词：光纤通信，光接收机，跨阻放大器，可变增益放大器

Abstract

In recent years, the rapid development of the information age and the continuous updating of related application scenarios have promoted the continuous upgrading of the information industry. The amount of information as a transmission carrier is rapidly increasing, and the amount of information transmission and reception and transmission in the communication system is rapidly expanding. Traditional cable communication and microwave communication are increasingly difficult to meet the requirements of high-speed data transmission. On the road of high-speed information in the future, people will continue to improve the requirements and standards for high-speed information transmission systems. Compared with the traditional information transmission method, optical fiber communication has more advantages in communication capacity, transmission signal quality and integration. At this stage and in the future information age, communication transmission gradually undertakes more important work.

This paper mainly studies the BiCMOS process optical communication receiver transimpedance amplifier circuit. The transimpedance amplifier converts the weak current signal input from the photodetector (photodiode) into a voltage signal output and provides a certain gain. Related circuit design requires comprehensive consideration of performance factors such as transmission rate, bandwidth, and circuit noise. In the design process, a reasonable circuit structure needs to be selected to make a reasonable compromise of various performances. Subsequent circuits provide a controllable gain output for the variable gain amplifier for later clock data recovery circuitry.

In the design of this paper, the transimpedance amplifier uses a fully differential common-emitter amplification structure to convert the photo-generated current to the voltage output. The main amplifier is a variable gain amplifier, and the VGA structure of the differential Gilbert unit is selected. On the one hand, the circuit bandwidth is extended, and on the other hand, a certain gain output is provided. This thesis mainly carries out the pre-simulation of circuit design and related circuits.The final simulation circuit satisfies the 40Gb/s, and the system bandwidth reaches 31.28GHz, meeting the design specifications.

KEY WORDS: Fiber Optic Communication, Optical Receiver,TIA,VGA

目录

摘要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1光纤通信技术简介 1

1.2课题背景及研究现状 2

1.3光纤通信系统基本结构 3

1.4 光接收机前端放大器 4

1.5 工艺和技术指标 4

1.5.1 工艺选择 4

1.5.2 技术指标 5

1.6 论文组织 5

第二章 光纤通信系统 6

2.1 信号编码方式 6

2.1.1 NRZ编码 6

2.1.2 PAM-4编码 7

2.2 光检测器 7

2.2.1 光检测器工作原理 8

2.2.2 光检测器性能指标 9

2.2.3 光检测器等效电路 10

2.3 前置放大器 10

2.3.1 结构分类 11

2.3.2 跨阻放大器指标 13

2.4 主放大器 15

2.4.1 负载可变VGA 16

2.4.2 跨导可变VGA 16

2.5 本章小结 18

第三章 前端放大器设计与前仿真结果 19

3.1 带宽延拓技术 19

3.1.1 电感峰化技术 19

3.1.2 电容退化技术 20

3.1.3 负密勒电容技术 21

3.1.4 倍增技术 22

3.1.5Cherry-Hooper结构 23

3.2跨阻放大器类型 24

3.2.1 共源（共射）跨阻放大器 24

3.2.2 共栅（共基）跨阻放大器 25

3.2.3 调节型共源共栅放大器 26

3.3 跨阻放大器设计 28

3.4 主放大器设计 28

3.5 电路前仿真 29

3.5.1直流仿真 29

3.5.2交流仿真 29

3.5.3 瞬态仿真 31

3.5.4 仿真总结 32

第四章 总结与展望 33

参考文献 34

致 谢 35

第一章 绪论

1.1光纤通信技术简介

信息化时代迅速发展以及相关应用场景不断更新，推动着信息产业的持续升级。作为传输载体的信息更是在快速膨胀，信息交换和传输量爆炸式的增长，使得人们在生产生活中对高速光接收机和高速光发送机的需求日益增加。

光纤通信的载波是传输速率相当快的光，物理上是以光纤作为通信的传输媒质，适用现阶段及未来高速信息传输的相关应用场景。光纤通信已经成为信息传输中重要且不可替代的途径。相较于传统的电缆通信和微波通信，光纤通信具有其独特的优势和可持续发展性，主要包括以下几个方面^[1-2]：

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