论文总字数:31614字
摘 要
论文作者签名: 唐懿 导师签名:日期:2018.5.31
目录
摘要 III
Abstract IV
第一章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 国内外交通数据应用现状 2
1.2.1 国外应用现状 2
1.2.2 国内应用现状 3
1.2.3 现状分析 4
1.3 课题准备 6
第二章 数据处理 8
2.1 数据分析及预处理 8
2.1.1 数据分析 8
2.1.2 数据整理 9
2.2 数据清洗 10
2.2.1 数据清洗概念 10
2.2.2 数据清洗过程 10
2.2.3 问题总结 12
第三章 数据表的建立和数据入库 13
3.1 数据表的建立 13
3.2 数据入库 13
3.2.1 卡口数据的清洗及导入 13
3.2.2 GPS数据的清洗及导入 14
第四章 数据查询分析 16
4.1 卡口数据属性查询 16
4.2 GPS数据属性查询 18
4.3 基于PostGIS的GPS数据空间查询 19
4.4 查询优化 27
第五章 毕业设计总结与展望 28
5.1 成果总结 28
5.2 毕业设计中的问题 29
5.3 展望 29
致谢 30
参考文献 31
附录A python部分代码 32
附录B 数据库部分SQL语句 34
摘要
技术的革新使交通逐步成为了一门多学科交叉融合的新学科,传统交通与新技术的结合给交通领域带来了新的生机,同时由于因为城市化进程的加快和城市的扩张,交通数据量随着时间积累越来越大,交通大数据应运而生。交通大数据理论知识为海量交通数据的分析、处理提供了策略,同时大数据还可以在交通决策管理、交通安全组织、交通物流等等多个领域发挥作用,有效提升交通运输数字化、网络化、智能化水平,进而推动我国交通系统建设的跨越式发展,对未来交通管理制度、策略的完善提供思路。
本次毕业设计的数据包括深圳市交通局的浮动车GPS数据和深圳市交警队的卡口数据。本课题面向交通行业的应用需求,在对象关系型数据库管理系统——PostgreSQL的支持下,探讨基于PostGIS的交通数据管理方法:包括交通数据的类型划分、存储方法设计、数据清洗与整理、数据库设计与数据库的建立、数据导入数据库等一系列操作,并初步探讨在此数据管理方式下的数据访问与分析。
调查研究过程中了解到国内外数据共享存在的差异,通过国内外数据共享现状的对比以及国内不同城市之间的对比,结果表明国内交通数据共享还有很长的路要走,要实现交通数据共享,需要更多人的努力。
关键词:交通大数据,交通数据管理,数据清洗,PostGIS,数据开放
Abstract
With the innovation of technology, transportation has gradually become a new interdisciplinary subject, the combination of traditional transportation and new technology has brought new vitality to transportation, at the same time, due to the acceleration of urbanization and the expansion of cities, the amount of traffic data accumulated over time, traffic data arises at the historic moment. Big data traffic theory provides the massive traffic data analysis and processing strategy, and big data also can be in transportation decision-making management, traffic safety, transportation, logistics and so on many fields, effectively enhance the level of digitalization and networking, intelligent transportation, thus promote the leap-forward development of transportation system in our country, the improvement of the traffic management system, strategies for the future.
Data of this graduation project include GPS data of floating car from Shenzhen traffic bureau and bayonet data of Shenzhen traffic police. This project is aimed at the application requirements of the transportation industry. With the support of PostgreSQL, the object relational database management system, this paper discusses the PostgGIS-based traffic data management method: including traffic data classification, storage methods of the design, data cleaning and sorting, the establishment of the database design and database, data import database and a series of operations, and preliminary discussion in this under the way of data management, data access and analysis.
In the process of investigation and research, I learned the differences between domestic and foreign data sharing, through the comparison of data sharing status at home and abroad and the comparison between different cities, the results show that the domestic traffic data sharing is still a long way to go, in order to realize data sharing transportation, need much more efforts.
Key words:traffic big data, traffic data management, data cleaning, PostGIS, dataopening
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