论文总字数:33027字
摘 要
互联网的发展带动了传统金融服务的突破,P2P网络借贷就是在互联网技术的推动下诞生的一种新型借贷模式。凭借着高效、便捷的优势,P2P网络借贷填补了传统金融机构所不涉及的小额借贷领域,发展迅速。
本文研究目的在于找出影响P2P网络借贷平台收益的因素,研究步骤如下:首先对P2P网络借贷理论基础进行了阐述。其次介绍了目前国内P2P网络借贷平台主要的运营模式和所面临的风险。最后实证部分以P2P借贷平台人人贷为研究对象,设计程序获取人人贷平台上的交易数据,对影响借款成功率和借款成本的因素进行研究。实证结果表明,除了性别、收入、教育层次和担保信息之外,其余借款信息和借款人信息变量并不能显著影响借款成功率。而另一方面,绝大多数借贷信息和借款人信息都可显著降低借款成本。
分析实证结果,投资人倾向于投资给有良好的收入水平和受教育层次的借款人;性别歧视也一定程度存在于借贷过程中,其中女性较男性处于弱势;机构担保反而会降低成功率,这可能涉及到信息不对称问题。而针对借款成本方面,在人人贷具有线下优势的情况下,认证机制可以有效降低信息不对称问题的影响,降低借款成本。
综上所述提出政策建议,P2P网络借贷平台完全可以自建或者与第三方机构合作,建立线下通道,完善资信审核体系,增加信息透明度,提高平台借款成功率,降低借款成本,减少信息不对称问题。政府方面应当及时完善社会征信机制,健全P2P借贷市场法律法规,为P2P市场繁荣发展提供良好环境。
关键词:P2P借贷,人人贷,借款成功率,借款成本
Abstract
The development of the Internet has led to the breakthrough of traditional financial services. P2P online lending is a new pattern of loaning that was born under the impetus of Internet technology. With the advantage of high efficiency and convenience, P2P online lending has filled the area of microfinance not covered by traditional financial institutions and developed rapidly.
The purpose of this study is to find out the factors that influence the earnings of P2P online lending platforms. The research steps are as follows: firstly, the theoretical basis of P2P online lending is elaborated. Secondly, it introduces the main operating mode and risks of P2P online lending platforms in China. Finally, the empirical part takes P2P lending platform renren as the research object, and designs program to obtain the transaction data on the P2P lending platform, and studies the factors that influence the success rate of loaning and the cost of loaning. Through analysis, except for income and property information, loaning and other information variables of borrowers can not significantly influence the success rate of loaning. On the other hand, most loaning and borrower information can significantly reduce loaning costs.
By analyzing the empirical results, the online and offline operation pattern of renren loaning platform has made the credit auditing system sound and the information true. Therefore, investors trust this p2p lending platform, and the simple borrower's property and income information have a more significant impact on the success rate of loaning. In terms of loaning costs, the authentication mechanism can effectively reduce the impact of information asymmetry and reduce the loaning costs.
Here are policy recommendations, P2P lending platforms should establish their own offline channels. It could help them to improve the credit audit system, increase the transparency of information, improve the platform loan success rate, lower loaning costs and reduce the information asymmetry problem. The government should improve the social credit system and complete the laws and regulations on P2P lending market which could provide a favorable environment for the prosperity and development of the P2P market.
KEY WORDS: P2P loaning, renren loaning, loaning success rate, loaning cost
目录
摘要 I
Abstract II
第一章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究目的和意义 2
1.2.1 研究目的 2
1.2.2 研究意义 2
1.3 研究框架 3
1.4 创新和不足 4
第二章 文献综述 4
2.1 关于P2P借贷理论的文献 4
2.2 关于P2P借贷实证研究的文献 6
2.3 章内小结 7
第三章 P2P网络借贷平台运营分析 7
3.1 P2P网络借贷平台运营模式分析 7
3.1.1 P2P网络借贷平台营销模式 7
3.1.2 P2P网络借贷平台定价方式 8
3.1.3 P2P网络借贷平台风险管理体系 8
3.2 P2P网络借贷平台借贷特征分析 9
3.3 P2P网络借贷平台风险分析 9
3.3.1 金融风险 9
3.3.2 信用风险 10
3.3.3 其他风险 10
第四章 模型构建与实证分析 11
4.1 针对P2P网络借款平台投资标的中标率的模型构建和实证分析 11
4.1.1 Probit模型构建 11
4.1.2 变量选取和定义 11
4.1.3 逐步回归方法实现 13
4.1.4 回归结果分析 14
4.2 针对P2P网络借款平台投资标的成本的模型构建和实证分析 15
4.2.1 多元线性回归模型构建 15
4.2.2 逐步回归方法实现 15
4.2.3 回归结果分析 17
4.3 章内小结 17
第五章 总结与政策建议 17
5.1 总结 17
5.2 建议 18
致谢 20
参考文献 21
附录 23
绪论
研究背景
随着全球经济总量的不断提升和网络信息技术的不断进步,传统的金融中介已经在时代的日益扩张下透露出无法完全满足的疲软,而互联网的兴起和传统金融业的结合使得互联网金融应运诞生了。在理论情况下,因为交易者之间的信息处于互联网环境下更加透明,金融主体之间依靠互联网的优势,淡化中介程序与成本,使得资金进一步在市场上自由的流动成为了可能。
传统金融中介服务于中大型客户,尤其是融资业务上,准入门槛和对客户资质的要求较高,而广大的小微客户并不能取得这种融资资格,这种情况的存在使得广大潜在客户的需求并没有得到满足,市场资金流动存在缺陷,资金运用效率留有进一步提升的空间。互联网金融的快速发展丰富了传统的企业客户和个人主体的融资渠道,以其自身特有的互联网高透明,高效率,大规模等特点,为解决中小微群体融资难题提供了新的融资方式。与此同时,小微融资群体的风险溢价也为投资者带来超过银行等传统金融机构的投资收益,尤其是单个资金量小但总群体庞大的个体投资者们。
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