数字时代个人信息权之保护

 2022-07-07 22:29:32

论文总字数:26921字

摘 要

数字时代以数据的自由流动及数据在流动中产生的价值为特征。自由流动的数据承载着大量可识别的个人信息,而包含着个人信息的数据在搜集、传播、利用的过程中无可避免的对个人信息权产生现实与潜在的侵害。当下,我国理论界对个人信息权的研究尚处在初级阶段,现行的相关法律并未形成对个人信息权有效的保护体系,无法应对数字时代个人信息权保护的需要。个人信息的非法获取与滥用给民众的人身与财产安全带来极大的威胁。本文针对数字时代我国个人信息权保护的现实困境,在对国内外个人信息权研究成果进行深入分析的基础上,从宪法的角度给予个人信息权以明确的定位,并且在对我国个人信息权保护的典型案例与现存相关的法律法规进行分析与梳理后,为我国在数字时代的个人信息权保护提出可行的方案与建议。数字时代的个人信息权保护是由新一轮的技术变革带来的新情况与新问题,本文从我国当下个人信息权保护的现实需求出发,创新性的认为个人信息权既是一种宪法权利也是一种民事权利,并在此基础上提出合理构建我国个人信息权保护法律体系的相关建议。

关键词:个人信息 大数据 隐私权

Abstract

The free flow of data and the value of data in flow are the most striking characteristics of the digital age. Free flowing data carry a large number of identifiable personal information. In the process of collection, dissemination and utilization, data containing personal information inevitably brings real and potential infringement to personal information rights. At present, the research on the right of personal information in academic circles is still in its initial stage. The existing relevant laws do not form an effective protection system for personal information rights, and can not meet the needs of personal information protection in the digital age. The illegal acquisition and abuse of personal information poses a great threat to the safety of people and property. The purpose of this paper is to solve the practical dilemma of the protection of personal information rights in the digital age. On the basis of in-depth analysis of the research results of personal information rights at home and abroad, this paper gives a clear orientation of personal information rights from the perspective of constitution. After analyzing and combing the typical cases of the protection of the right of personal information and the relevant laws and regulations in China, this paper puts forward some feasible plans and suggestions for the protection of personal information right in the digital age. The protection of personal information rights in the digital age is a new situation and new problem brought about by the new round of technological change. Starting from the current needs of the protection of personal information right in our country, this article innovatively thinks that the right of personal information is an independent personality right with both personality and property interests. On this basis, a preliminary conception of establishing the legal system for the protection of the right of personal information in China is put forward.

Key word: personal information, big data, perspective of constitution

目 录

摘要 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Ⅰ

Abstract ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… Ⅱ

引言 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6

  1. 国内外研究现状 …………………………………………………………………………………… 7
  2. 国内外相关文献统计与分析……………………………………………………………… 7
  3. 我国个人信息权保护研究的主要学说 ………………………………………………… 7
  4. 隐私权说………………………………………………………………………………………… 7

2. 个人信息决定权说 …………………………………………………………………………… 7

3. 财产权说 ………………………………………………………………………………………… 8

4. 人格权说………………………………………………………………………………………… 8

  1. 美国与德国个人信息权保护研究主要学说 …………………………………………… 9
  2. 美国隐私权理论 ……………………………………………………………………………… 9
  3. 德国个人信息自决权理论…………………………………………………………………… 11
  4. 美国隐私权理论与德国个人信息自决权理论之比较 ………………………………… 12

二、个人信息权性质分析 ……………………………………………………………………………… 13

三、数字时代我国个人信息权的法律保护 ………………………………………………………… 15

(一)我国个人信息权保护的典型案例 ……………………………………………………… 15

  1. 我国现行个人信息权保护法律体系 …………………………………………………… 16

1. 我国行政规章、行业标准对个人信息权的保护………………………………………… 16

2.《刑法修正案》及相关司法解释对个人信息权的保护………………………………… 16

  1. 民事法律对个人信息权的保护……………………………………………………………… 17

4.《网络安全法》对个人信息的保护………………………………………………………… 17

(三)我国个人信息权保护法律体系存在的问题……………………………………………… 18

四、完善个人信息权法律保护的对策与建议 ……………………………………………………… 19

(一)制定个人信息权保护法 …………………………………………………………………… 19

(二)完善个人信息权配套法律体系…………………………………………………………… 19

(三)开拓审理相关案件的新思路……………………………………………………………… 20

参考文献 …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 21

致谢…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 23

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