论文总字数：52677字

摘 要

火电厂锅炉温度场的确定对于电厂锅炉的运行控制，燃烧控制以及燃烧优化都具有重要意义，炉膛内部的温度场分布会直接影响到各级受热面的温度分布，会直接影响到火电机组的经济性和安全性。基于光纤传声器声学测温方式是一种基于声波传播理论的测量声波的方式，具有非接触，适用于恶劣环境，能够实时监测等诸多优点。测量与采集的声波信号的质量是确定炉膛温度场的关键部分，所以传声器的特性对于炉膛内部温度场的确定具有巨大的影响。但是炉膛的环境太过于恶劣，温度比较高，所以对传声器的耐温性就具有一定的要求，因此传声器在热环境下特性测试就显得尤为重要。本设计选择锅炉炉膛声波测温系统的关键部件光纤传声器作为研究对象，通过搭建试验台，研究热环境下，不同材料及结构类型光纤传声器的特性，为选择炉膛声波测温传感器提供技术支持。实验结果表明热环境下，温度变化会对光纤传声器的特性造成很大影响，并且应该选择热膨胀系数小的厚度较薄的振动膜片。

关键词：炉膛声波测温；光纤传声器；热环境；特性测试；

Abstract

The determination of the temperature field of the boiler in the thermal power plant is of great significance to the operation control, combustion control and combustion optimization of the boiler. The temperature distribution inside the furnace will directly affect the temperature distribution of the heating surface at all levels, which will directly affect the economy of the thermal power unit Sex and security. Based on the acoustic wave propagation method is a kind of sound wave propagation based on the method of measuring sound waves, with non-contact, suitable for harsh environments, to real-time monitoring and many other advantages. The quality of the measured and collected acoustic signal is a key part of determining the temperature field of the furnace, so the characteristics of the microphone have a great influence on the determination of the temperature field inside the furnace. But the furnace environment is too bad, the temperature is relatively high, so the temperature of the microphone has a certain demand, so the microphone in the thermal environment characteristics of the test is particularly important. This paper chooses the key components of the boiler furnace sound wave measurement system as the research object. Through the construction of the test bed, the characteristics of the optical fiber microphones under the thermal environment, different materials and structure type are studied, and the technical support for the selection of the furnace temperature sensor is provided. The experimental results show that the temperature change will have a great influence on the characteristics of the optical fiber microphone, and should choose a thin film with a small thermal expansion coefficient.

Key words: acoustic temperature measurement; fiber optic microphone;Thermal environment; performance testing;

目 录

摘要 I

Abstract II

目录 III

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 研究背景及意义 1

1.2 光纤传声器发展现状 1

1.3 热环境下光纤传声器发展现状 2

第二章 热环境下光纤传声器频响特性分析 5

2.1 光纤传声器的原理 5

2.1.1 光纤传声器的基本组成 5

2.1.2 光强调制函数 6

2.2 热环境下光纤传声器的特性分析 8

2.2.1 热环境下振动膜片的定性分析 8

2.2.2 热环境下光纤传声器的特性分析 9

2.4 本章小结 11

第三章 热环境下光纤传声器特性测试平台的搭建 12

3.1 光纤传声器的冷态性能测试平台 12

3.1.1 数据采集及分析系统 12

3.1.2 激光发射及接收系统 13

3.1.3 声波发生系统 14

3.2 热环境光纤传声器测试平台 15

3.3 加热系统及测温方式的选择 16

3.3.1 加热系统的设计 16

3.3.2 测温方式的选择 17

3.4 本章小结 17

第四章 热环境下光纤传声器的特性试验及实验数据分析 19

4.1 实验综述 19

4.2 测试平台的初步调试 19

4.3 实验过程以及数据分析 20

4.3.1 钛膜 20

4.3.2 不锈钢膜 22

4.3.3 铜膜 24

4.3.4 铝膜 26

4.4 实验总结 29

致 谢 33

参考文献 34

附录 36

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