微电网经济运行优化研究

论文总字数：26391字

摘 要

随着全球能源危机与环境问题的日益严重，拥有能源利用率高、环境污染小、可靠性高、安装灵活方便以及低成本高回报等诸多优点的分布式电源技术(distributed generator，DG)得到了广泛而快速的发展。传统电网的很多弊端如能源消耗大、环境污染大、网络损耗高、越来越难以满足用户高可靠性和多样化的供电策略的要求等分布式发电都能很好的解决。但是分布式发电本身有诸多问题，微电网能不仅集成合分布式发电的优势，还协调了其与大电网的矛盾。故发展微电网势在必行，但是如何实现微电网的运行控制、能量管理和调度等方面仍存在诸多的问题。其中，微电网的经济运行也是研究中的一个难点问题。本文主要是对微电网的经济运行优化问题进行研究。主要是在离网条件下，不同机组出力优化以达到发电成本最低。本文主要的工作和研究成果如下：

1.介绍了微电网中各DG模型以及运行特性，包括风力发电机、光伏发电机的随机出力模型，微型燃气轮机的模型。

2.构建一种含风力发电机、光伏发电机、微型燃气轮机的微电网孤岛经济运行优化模型，以发电成本最小为目标，同时满足功率等约束条件。

3.合理设置参数，根据所设参数确定成本最低时各机组发电优先顺序以及各机组发电情况，并画出各机组优化出力曲线。

最后对全文工作进行了总结，概括了本文的主要内容，并对微电网今后的发展进行了展望。

关键词：分布式发电 微电网 经济调度 粒子群算法

Economic Operation Optimization of Microgrid

Abstract

With the global energy crisis and environmental problems growing，Have high energy efficiency, low environmental pollution, high reliability, low cost and high installation flexibility and many other advantages in return， The distributed power technology (distributed generator, DG) has been widespread and rapid development.Many shortcomings of the traditional power grid such as energy consumption, environmental pollution, high network losses, increasingly make it difficult to meet user requirements for high reliability and diversification of supply strategy and distributed generation can be a good solution. But there are many problems in distributed generation itself ,Microgrid can not only integrate distributed generation Advantage,Also coordinated its contradictions with large grid,It is imperative to develop microgrid.But how to achieve operational microgrid control, energy management, and scheduling and other aspects, there are still many problems.Among them, the economic operation of the microgrid research is a difficult problem.This article is mainly research for the economic problems of running microgrid.Mainly in the off-grid conditions, different unit output optimized to achieve the lowest cost of electricity.The main work and research results are as follows:

1.It describes the microgrid model and operating characteristics of each DG, Including wind turbines, the random output model of PV generators, microturbines model.

2. Construction a microgrid islanding economic operation optimization model that containing wind generators, solar generators, microturbines.With minimum generation cost objectives while satisfying constraints such power.

3.Set parameters reasonable, and according to that decide the priority of generating units and the condition of each unit when the cost is lowest ,and draw each unit’s optimize power curve.

Finally, the paper summarizes the paper's work and summarized the main contents of this article,and prospect the development of micro-grid in the future.

Key words: Distributed generation, Micro-grid, Economic dispatch, Particle swarm optimization

目录

摘要..........................................................................I

Abstract..................................................................... II

1. 绪论................................................................... 1

1.1 研究的背景及意义......................................................1

1.2 微电网在国内外的研究情况..............................................2

1.3 微电网在国内外的发展情况..............................................2

1.4 微电网与传统电网经济运行的区别........................................4

1.5 我国发展微电网和可再生能源发电的重要意义..............................4

1. 微电网分布式电源模型................................................... 5

2.1 风力发电模型..........................................................5

2.2 光伏发电模型......................................................... 6

2.3 微型燃气轮机........................................................ 10

第三章 微网经济调度的单目标建模..............................................12

3.1 目标函数............................................................ 12

3.2 约束条件............................................................ 13

第四章 微网单目标经济调度模型求解............................................15

4.1粒子群算法........................................................... 15

4.1.1 粒子群算法概述................................................15

4.1.2 基本粒子群优化算法........................................... 15

4.2 粒子群算法在微网经济调度中的应用.................................... 17

4.3 收敛准则............................................................ 18

4.4 粒子群算法步骤...................................................... 18

第五章 算例分析..............................................................21

5.1 模拟算例参数设置.................................................... 21

5.2 结果分析............................................................ 24

第六章 结论..................................................................25

6.1 论文的主要工作和结论................................................ 25

6.2 进一步的研究工作展望................................................ 25

致谢.........................................................................26

参考文献.....................................................................27

第一章 绪论

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