论文总字数：19620字

摘 要

道路从词义上讲就是供各种无轨车辆和行人通行的基础设施。按其使用特点分为公路、城市道路、乡村道路、厂矿道路、林业道路、考试道路、竞赛道路、汽车试验道路、车间通道以及学校道路等。其中城市道路是指通达城市的各地区，供城市内交通运输及行人使用，便于居民生活、工作及文化娱乐活动，并与市外道路连接负担着对外交通的道路。城市道路（拥有）交通设施、公用空间、防灾减灾、形成城市平面结构等功能。城市道路具有功能多样、组成复杂，行人、非机动车交通量大，道路交叉口多，沿路两侧建筑物密集，艺术景观要求高，城市道路规划、设计的影响因素多，政策性强等特点。关于道路网，它最为基础、争议最多的问题是它的网络密度问题，因为它不仅关系到道路交通功能的发挥，同时它也是城市公共空间的重要组成部分。 如今，城市道路网络的合理性越来越引起人们的重视，而监测道路网络密度是否科学合理就变得至关重要了。综上所述，人们对城市道路网络密度的监测方法的研究是具有现实意义和科学价值的。

本文主要围绕道路网络密度如何准确获取来展开。研究大致分为五个部分，第一部分分析道路网络密度监测的政策背景、理论和现实意义。根据2016年2月中共中央、国务院发布的《关于进一步加强城市规划建设管理工作的若干意见》中提出的要求，将此要求作为本文分析道路网络密度监测的理论支撑；第二部分是研究道路网络密度数据来源，文中介绍了几种道路网络数据获取的来源方法，其中主要介绍如何利用OSM（open street map）系统获取开放的道路网络密度数据；第三部分结合开放地图数据，整理给定城市或地区的道路网络；第四部分是对道路网络密度进行比较分析，主要任务是对处理完成的道路网络数据进行比较分析，得出第二部分中获取的道路网络密度数据主要和那些因素有关；第五部分是提出完善道路网络密度监测的方法和制度建议，这一部分主要是针对如何提高道路网络密度监测提出改善方法及制度建议。

在这五个部分中，最主要的是对第二部分获取的数据进行处理，如删除重复路段、排除单双线等问题进行处理。本文将从专业的角度利用信息化技术分析城市道路网络密度监测的方法及发展对策的研究，实现对城市道路网络密度指标的科学监测和动态跟踪，为更好地解决城市各种交通问题而努力。

关键词 ：路网密度监测、合理性、密度指标、数据处理、密度分析

Abstract

The road is essentially an infrastructure for all kinds of trackless vehicles and pedestrians. According to its use characteristics are divided into roads, urban roads, rural roads, factories and mines roads, forestry roads, examination roads, competition roads, car test roads, shop lanes and school roads. Among them, urban roads refer to the various regions of the city for urban transport and pedestrian use, to facilitate residents ' living, work and cultural and recreational activities, and to connect with the outside of the city to bear the road of external traffic. Urban roads (with) transportation facilities, public spaces, disaster prevention and mitigation, the formation of urban plane structure and other functions. Urban roads have many functions, complex composition, large number of pedestrian and non-motorized traffic, many road intersections, dense buildings along the roads, high artistic landscape requirements, urban road planning, design of the impact factors, strong policy and so on. With regard to the road network, its most basic and controversial problem is its network density problem, because it is not only related to the play of road traffic function, but also an important part of urban public space. Nowadays, the rationality of urban road network has attracted more and more attention, and it is very important to monitor whether the density of road network is scientific and reasonable. To sum up, people's research on the monitoring method of urban road network density is of practical significance and scientific value.

This paper mainly revolves around how to accurately obtain the density of road network. The research is roughly divided into five parts, the first part analyzes the policy background, theory and practical significance of road network density monitoring. According to the requirements put forward in the "several opinions on further strengthening the management of urban planning and construction" issued by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council in February 2016, this requirement is used as the theoretical support for the analysis of road network density monitoring in this paper. The second part is to study the source of road network density data, this paper introduces several sources of road network data acquisition, which mainly introduces how to use OSM (Open Street Map) system to obtain open road network density data; The third part combines the open map data to organize the road network of a given city or region; The fourth part is the comparative analysis of road network density. The main task is to compare and analyze the road network data processed and completed. It is concluded that the road network density data obtained in the second part is mainly related to those factors .The fifth part is to put forward the methods and system suggestions to improve the road network density monitoring, this part is mainly about how to improve the road network density monitoring methods and system suggestions.

Among these five parts, the most important is to deal with the data acquired in the second part, such as deleting duplicate sections, eliminating single and double lines and so on. This paper will use information technology to analyze the methods and so as to achieve scientific monitoring and dynamic tracking of urban road network density indicators, and strive to better solve various urban traffic problems.

Key words: Road network density monitoring、 rationality、 data processing、density analysis、influencing factors

目录

摘要 I

Abstract II

第一章 概述 1

1.1 研究背景及意义 1

1.1.1研究背景 1

1.1.2研究意义 1

1.2 国内外研究现状 1

1.2.1国外研究现状 1

1.2.2国内研究现状 3

1.3 主要研究内容 4

第二章 道路网络密度相关理论及数据获取 6

2.1道路网络密度概述 6

2.1.1道路网络密度定义 6

2.1.2道路网络密度功能 6

2.1.3道路网络密度优缺点 6

2.2相关名词解释及计算方法 6

2.2.1名词解释 6

2.2.2计算方法 7

2.3数据来源及获取方法 7

2.3.1 OSM系统介绍 7

2.3.2获取方法 7

2.4本章小结 12

第三章 数据处理 13

3.1路网密度计算操作 13

3.1.1投影变换 13

3.1.2标识道路数据 13

3.1.3计算各路段长度并汇总统计 13

3.1.4统计各区县面积 13

3.1.5计算路网密度 13

3.2遇到的问题 13

3.2.1路网检查 14

3.2.2单双线 14

3.3数据来源比较 14

3.3.1建邺区截图对比 15

3.3.2其他地图对比 15

3.4本章小结 15

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