论文总字数：30670字

摘 要

现在我们所处的21世纪是新兴科技发展的新世纪，物联网的应用也随之越来越广泛，在这样快速进步的环境下，各种新型产品层出不穷。各种单片机和ESP8266以及ESP32等物联网开发板得到广泛研究与应用。ESP32是一款基于物联网的新型开发套件板，由安信可公司开发的这款主板应该是NodeMCU的继承者，因为它价格低廉，体积超小，功能强大。该板内置先进的低功耗双核32位CPU和Codec AC101音频解码芯片，可广泛应用于各种物联网场合，适用于家庭智能装备、智能音响等，是物联网应用的理想解决方案。

随着科技与经济的发展，人们对生活环境的要求也越来越高，不光是外界的大气环境，也包括室内的居住环境。天气情况已经成为人们日常生活不可缺少的信息，对于人们的生活出行有极为重要的影响。不管是对农村还是城市的居民来说，天气都很重要。所以综合来看人们在获取天气预报的时候不仅想要快速简便的获取方式及途径，也追求天气预报的准确性。随着科技的不断进步，人们的生活观念也在发生不断的变化。随着计算机技术和物联网技术不断成熟，各种家居家电也在发生变化，也在不断进步，不断智能化、科学化以及可操作化。人们对于天气的预报摆脱了最开始的传统猜测，开始理论化、科学化。与此同时，天气预报的传播途径与方式也在逐步随着电视广播的发展而方便快速化。现如今，随着互联网的快速发展，人们对天气预报信息的获取越来越依赖于互联网。基于WiFi的天气预报系统正是在ESP32开发板的基础上实现无线网连接，获取互联网上的准确天气预报数据，从而最终语音播报。这一系统的应用满足了人们对天气预报的需要，应用市场前景广泛，在国内属于热点前沿产品，有推广和应用的意义，适用性强且适用场景多元。

本系统设计通过分析天气预报系统应用的发展和现状来规划其智能功能，从而实现天气信息显示播报。其采用ESP32开发板为执行控制原件，以WiFi无线网连接为数据传送原件，辅助天气预报APP通过API接口抓取天气数据（网站），实现该系统应用的智能功能。

关键词：物联网；网络； WiFi；天气预报；API数据抓取；ESP32

I

Weather Forecast System Based on Wifi

Abstract

The 21st century is a new era of rapid development of science and technology, and the application of the Internet of things is more extensive. In such a high-speed development environment, a variety of new products emerge in an endless stream. Various SCM and ESP8266 and ESP32 Internet of things development board has been widely studied and applied. ESP32 is a new development suite board based on the Internet of things. The board should be the successor to NodeMCU because of its low cost, ultra-small size and powerful features. The board is equipped with advanced low-power dual-core 32-bit CPU and Codec AC101 audio decoding chip, which can be widely used in a variety of Internet of things occasions, suitable for home smart equipment, smart sound, etc., is an ideal solution for Internet ofthings applications.

With the development of science, technology and economy, people have put forward higher and higher requirements on the living environment, not only the external atmospheric environment, but also the indoor living environment. Weather has become an indispensable information in People's Daily life, which has a very important impact on people's life and travel. Weather is important for both rural and urban residents. Therefore, people not only want a quick and easy way to obtain the weather forecast, but also pursue the accuracy of the weather forecast.With the continuous progress of science and technology, people's concept of life is changing. With the continuous maturity of computer technology and Internet of things technology, all kinds of household appliances are also changing and progressing, becoming intelligent, scientific and operable. People's forecast of the weather got rid of the t-raditional guess at the beginning, began to theoretical and scientific. At the same time, with the development of television broadcasting, the way of transmitting weather forecast is becoming more and more convenient.Nowadays, with the rapid development of the Internet, people's access to weather f-orecast information is more and more dependent on the Internet. The wifi-based weather forecast sy-stem, based on ESP32's development board, uses wifi connections to get accurate weather forecast d-ata over the Internet, which in turn enables voice broadcasting. The application of this system hasmet the needs of people for weather forecasting.It has a broad application market prospects, is the forefront of China's hot products.

This system analyzes the development and present situation of the weather forecast system, plans its intelligent function, and realizes the weather information broadcast.It uses the built-in audio decoding chip in ESP32 development board as the execution element, the Wi-Fi connection as the data transmission element and the ESP32 development board as the control elem-ent to assist the weather forecast APP to grab the weather data through the API interface, so as torealize the intelligent function of the system application.

Key words: IoT；Network；WiFi；Weather Forecast; API；ESP32

II

目录

第一章 引言 1

1.1 选题的背景及意义 1

1.2 国内外发展状况 1

（1）国内发展研究方向： 1

（2）国外发展研究方向： 1

1.3 课题的主要内容及论文的安排 2

（1）研究目标 2

（2）研究内容 2

（3）章节安排概述 2

第二章 基于WiFi的天气预报系统开发的理论基础 3

2.1 无线通信原理 3

2.2 WiFi的定义 3

2.3 WiFi通信原理 3

2.3.1 无线电信号 3

2.3.2 传输数据 3

2.3.3 802.11无线网络控制 4

第三章 天气预报系统硬件部分介绍 5

3.1 天气预报系统零件介绍 5

3.1.1 AC101 codec音频解码芯片介绍 5

3.1.2 TFT显示屏 6

3.2 ESP32介绍 6

3.2.1 ESP32 的内部结构 6

3.2.2ESP32的基本原理 7

3.3 硬件连接组合 7

3.3.1 ESP32模块与电脑的连接 7

3.3.2 ESP32模块与TFT显示屏的连接 7

3.4 本章小结 8

第四章 天气预报系统软件部分介绍 9

4.1 天气预报系统的开发方式 9

4.2 设计所需软件介绍 9

4.2.1两款编译软件 9

4.3 ESP32开发环境的搭建 10

4.4 bin 文件的生成与下载 11

4.4.1硬件连接与配置 16

4.4.2 ESP32 Flash地址配置 16

4.4.3烧录下载 17

4.5 选择Arduino进行天气预报系统具体开发 17

4.6 本章小结 17

第五章 天气预报系统重要代码设计 21

5.1 WiFi的连接 21

5.2 通过心知天气API获取气象数据 22

5.3 音频播放及温度显示 25

第六章 调试 31

6.1 软硬件调试及性能调试过程 31

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