论文总字数：19343字

摘 要

随着社会的科技的发展，人们工作和日常生活的需要，加上现在倡导绿色出行，电动车已经成了人们短路程的首选，由于公交车和其它公共交通在早晚高峰期间过于拥挤，使人们出行十分不便，传统的步行或者自行车往往时间上又来不及，所以电动车逐渐走进人们的生活中，而使用电动车必然要考虑电动车的用电问题，本次设计的主要内容就是以此为出发点，做出一套完善的电动车充电监控系统。

本次设计通过对充电器的工作原理和电力分析为主，在研究充电技术的基本上，对电池的原理深入研究，电动车充电的目的是给蓄电池注入能量，确保车辆能够运行。蓄电池本身就是电池的一种，作用是将电能存储起来，当电动车启动后为车辆提供续航，工作原理是将化学能转换为电能。由于能量的转换存在一定的风险，在充电过程中，若不能做好监控工作，很容易引发事故。本次设计将以单片机为核心，设计一套完善的充电监控系统。在监控充电过程的同时，确保电压和电流的稳定，系统将自动做好充电时长的统计工作，并且设计一个液晶显示器作为数据传递给操作者读取的可视模块，显示是否在充电、充电时长以及电压等基本信息。

关键词： 单片机；电池；监控系统；充电

ABSTRACT

With the development of social science and technology, the needs of people's work and daily life, and now advocating green travel, electric vehicles have become people's first choice for short distance. Due to the overcrowding of buses and other public transport during the morning and evening rush hours, it is very inconvenient for people to travel, and the time for traditional walking or cycling is often too late, So electric vehicles gradually into people's lives, and the use of electric vehicles must consider the problem of electric vehicles, the main content of this design is as a starting point, to make a perfect electric vehicle charging monitoring system.

This design is mainly based on the working principle and power analysis of the charger. Based on the research of charging technology, the principle of the battery is deeply study.The purpose of electric vehicle charging is to inject energy into the battery to ensure that the vehicle can run. The battery itself is a kind of battery, the role is to store the electric energy, when the electric vehicle starts to provide the vehicle with endurance, the working principle is to convert the chemical energy into electric energy. Due to the risk of energy conversion, it is easy to cause accidents if the monitoring work can not be done well in the charging process. This design will take the single chip microcomputer as the core to design a set of perfect charging monitoring system. While monitoring the charging process, to ensure the stability of voltage and current, the system will automatically do the statistical work of charging time, and design a liquid crystal display as a visual module of data interaction to display the basic information such as charging time, voltage and current.

Keywords: Single chip microcomputer; battery; monitoring system；charge

目录

摘要 1

ABSTRACT 1

第一章 引 言 1

1.1选题背景 1

1.2课题研究的现状和发展历史及意义 1

1.3设计思路和方法 1

1.4论文构成及研究内容 2

第二章 系统整体设计 2

2.1总体方案设计 2

2.2系统组成 3

2.3方案论证与比较 3

2.3.1电源模块的方案论证与比较 3

2.3.2 显示模块的方案论证与比较 3

2.3.3单片机控制模块的方案论证与比较 4

第三章 硬件电路设计 4

3.1 单片机模块 4

3.2 电源管理电路设计 5

3.2.1 电源管理电路 5

3.3 升压模块设计 6

3.4 LCD1602液晶显示模块 7

3.4.1 LCD1602主要技术参数： 7

3.4.2 引脚功能说明: 8

3.4.3 电路图设计： 8

3.5原理图和PCB设计 8

第四章 软件设计 10

4.1软件开发平台介绍 10

4.2主程序流程图 10

4.3 时间计时程序 13

4.4 AD转换程序 14

4.5 LCD屏幕显示流程设计 15

第五章 制作与调试 16

5.1 制作流程 16

5.2 调试 16

5.3 调试结果 16

致谢 18

参考文献 19

附录一 原理图 20

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