滚珠丝杆式船闸人字门启闭机结构设计

论文总字数：14864字

摘 要

船闸让船舶能不受水位落差太大的困扰的一种建筑物。闸门是船闸的咽喉，常用人字闸门，与阀门、启闭机、输水系统共同作用，克服上下游水位差，使船舶顺利过闸。闸门的开启和关闭需要克服很大的水流压差和机械摩擦力，需要功率较大，一般采用闸门启闭机进行操作和控制，因此闸门启闭机的设计对船闸门的快速、安全和可靠运行具有重要影响。

目前世界上的船闸的启闭机有很多种，但基本还是机械式和液压式这两种类型，机械式包含滚珠丝杠式、齿条式、齿轮齿条式等等；液压式包含连杆式、马达传动式等等。

本次设计根据基本任务和设计思路，先将滚珠丝杠式启闭机的结构设计然后好，根据启闭机的使用要求，对滚珠丝杆，电机，滑轨计算选型以及对材料的选择。并对启闭机进行综合力学性能分析，其中包含静力学与动力学等，根据系统所需强度要求的分析结果微调各个参数，使其结构满足使用要求。

根据滚珠丝杆的初步设计参数，对结构进行合理的铺层，将滚珠丝杆的使用要求等效成合适的载荷和约束加载模型上，计算其静强度和动强度，通过计算结果发现设计的模型符合启闭机的要求，说明了该方案的合理性。

关键词：船闸；人字门；启闭机；滚珠丝杠

Ball Screw Type Miter Gate Hoist

Abstract

A structure that protects a ship from large drops of water.Gate is the throat of ship lock, commonly used miter gate, and valve, hoist, water conveyance system together, to overcome the difference between upstream and downstream water level, so that the ship smoothly through the lock.The opening and closing of the gate need to overcome a great deal of water pressure difference and mechanical friction, which requires a lot of power. The gate hoist is generally used for operation and control. Ball screw type ship lock miter gate hoist operates smoothly, reliability is high, synchronism is good, transmission efficiency is high, environmental protection is free from pollution, maintenance is convenient, service life is long.

At present, there are many kinds of lock hoist in the world, but the basic mechanical and hydraulic type of these two types, mechanical type including ball screw type, rack type, rack type and so on;The hydraulic type includes connecting rod type, Martha transmission type and so on.

This design according to the basic tasks and design ideas, the first ball screw type hoist structure design and then good, according to the use of the requirements of the hoist, the ball screw, motor, sliding track calculation and selection as well as the choice of materials.And the comprehensive mechanical performance analysis of the hoist, including statics and dynamics, according to the analysis results of the system required strength requirements fine-tuning each parameter, so that its structure to meet the requirements of use.

According to the preliminary design parameters of the ball screw, the structure is rationally laminated, the application requirements of the ball screw are equivalent to the appropriate load and constraint load model, and its static strength and dynamic strength are calculated.

Keyword：lock；mitre sill；hoist；ballscrew

目录

第一章 绪论 1

1.1闸门滚珠丝杠启闭机概述 1

1.2船闸启闭机的组成 1

1.2.1 传动原件 1

1.2.2缓冲保护装置 1

1.2.3关于碰撞与缓沖的理论认识 1

1.3国内外研究发展状况 2

1.4本课题的内容及方向 3

第二章 滚珠丝杠启闭机整体结构设计 4

2.1滚珠丝杠启闭机工作原理 4

2.2滚珠丝杠启闭机整体结构的设计初步选用方案 4

第三章 运动分析 6

3.1电动机的选型 6

3.2运动学方面的分析 6

3.3启闭机在实践中的研究分析 8

第四章 主要零件图设计与校核 9

4.1 推拉杆的强度校核 9

4.2 侧盖套设计 9

4.3船体框设计 10

4.4轨道板的设计 10

4.5 五金盖设计 11

4.6螺母导套设计 11

4.7 电机座的设计 12

第五章 装配及运动仿真 13

5.1 滚珠丝杠式船闸人字门启闭机的装配 13

5.2 滚珠丝杠启闭机的运动仿真 14

第六章 总结和展望 16

参考文献 17

致谢 18

第一章 绪论

1.1闸门滚珠丝杠启闭机概述

滚珠丝杠在机械设计中是很常见的，它拥有效率高、长寿命、结构简单等特点，常被应用于工业设备及精密仪器等厂商。

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