论文总字数:10183字
摘 要
幼儿隔代教养作为一种特别的教养方式,在中国社会、经济迅速发展的今天,已经越来越普遍化。幼儿隔代教养虽然会让年轻的父母们减轻压力,但是,由于在教养思想、教养观念等方面存在的差异性或者滞后性,祖辈们在教养孙辈的过程中可能会面临着许多问题。本文从幼儿隔代教养的现状入手,阐述了幼儿隔代教养存在的弊端与实际问题,并提出了相应的解决措施,以使幼儿的隔代教养问题引起人们的重视并得到有效的改善。关键词:幼儿,隔代教养,弊端与问题,应对措施
Abstract: The children’s grandparenting is a kind of special breeding way in China,with the development of social and economics,this way has already be more and more general. Although grandparenting will let the young parents to relieve stress, grandparents may be faced with many problems like the difference or the hysteresis of such aspects as the education ideology and the concept of education. This paper starts with the current situation of the grandparenting and discribes the disadvantages and the actual problems, and then puts forward the corresponding countermeasures to arouse people"s attention and make improvement of the children’s grandparenting.
Key words: Infants, the next generation of breeding, shortcomings and problems, countermeasure
目 录
1 隔代教养及其现状··············································4
1.1 隔代教养的概念··············································4
1.2 我国幼儿隔代教养的现状······································4
2 幼儿隔代教养的弊端和问题······································4
2.1 容易导致亲子间的隔阂········································5
2.2 阻碍幼儿智力和好奇心的发展··································6
2.3 妨碍幼儿良好性格的形成······································6
2.4 不利于幼儿优秀品质的养成····································7
2.5 强化幼儿的依赖性,缺少独立性·································7
2.6 影响幼儿社会适应能力的发展··································8
3 优化隔代教养的相应措施········································9
3.1 祖辈的教养理念应与时俱进····································9
3.2 父母应重视亲子教养··········································9
3.3 隔代教养与亲子教养合力,互利共赢·····························9
3.4 加强与学校教育、社区教育间的互动····························10
结论 ···························································12
参考文献 ·······················································13
1 隔代教养及其现状
1.1 隔代教养的概念
隔代教养,顾名思义,在我国主要是指祖辈与孙辈生活在一起,祖辈对孙辈承担全部或部分教育责任和养育责任。 隔代教养是相对于亲子教养而言的,即父母直接对孩子进行教育和养育。
隔代教养已经成为当今一种非常普遍的社会现象,它的出现与我国社会、经济等发展是分不开的。当前,人们的生活水平虽然得到了提高,但是,人们的生活压力也逐步增大。年轻的父母需要外出工作,或者离异的父母会将自己的孩子交由老人来带,这也就造成了大量的隔代教养现象的出现。然而,这种家庭教养方式在“教”和“养”两方面突显出来的一些问题也是不可小觑的。
1.2 我国幼儿隔代教养的现状
在当代社会,幼儿隔代教养已经成为了社会发展的一种必然趋势。“据中国老龄科研中心对全国城乡20083位老人的调查,照看孙辈的老人占了66.47%,隔代抚养孙辈的女性老人在城乡更是分别高达71.59%和73.45%,有关部门对30个省市的3080个老人家庭进行抽样调查表明,有58%的家庭在帮助照管孙辈。上海市一项对0—3岁婴幼儿抚养方式的调查显示,与祖辈家长生活在一起的婴幼儿家庭共占73%,有祖辈家长参与婴幼儿抚养的共占84.6%。”[1]社会老龄化趋势加重的情况下,隔代教养已经变得越来越普遍。但是在国外很多地方,孩子在很小的时候就会放到幼儿园学习和生活,待其年满18周岁的时候就可以独立生活,因此这种隔代教养问题是极少见的。
那么具体是何种原因让我国的隔代教养问题如此突出呢?其实,隔代教养在我国已经有很悠久的历史,古代就有“几代同堂”的传统文化。然而,独生子女问题以及生活、就业等压力,许多人会选择隔代教养来减轻自己的生活负担。尤其在中国的广大的农村地区,许多年轻的父母必须要选择出外务工,隔代教养现象就更普遍。
2 幼儿隔代教养的弊端和问题
虽然,我们知道隔代教养也有一些优点存在,比如,祖辈有丰富的育儿经验,对孩子的照顾也有自己的一套方法,对孩子的照顾也会更加的细心周到。
但是,我们不容忽视的问题就是,隔代教养存在着很大的弊端。一般情况下,0-6岁是一个儿童良好个性、品德形成的关键性时期。如果这个时期孩子长时间与老人生活在一起,失去与父母沟通交流,培养感情的机会,任凭“隔代亲”特殊的宠爱泛滥,这很有可能会对孩子今后的身心发育以及人格发展等方面产生很大的负面影响。[2]
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