论文总字数:9844字
摘 要
论文主要研究玉米秸秆的酶解、还原糖分析以及色值控制等内容。选择纤维素酶添加量、酶解时间和液料比进行单因素实验,探究还原糖的变化规律。同时,通过选择过氧化氢(H2O2)含量、抗环血酸(Vc)用量、温度和时间进行单因素实验以及正交试验。结果表明:在纤维素酶添加量0.1g,酶解时间72 h,液料比20:1(酶解液体积:玉米秸秆粉末质量,mL/g)的条件下,得到还原糖浓度为12.49 g/L;根据极差值的大小,影响玉米秸秆脱色的因素大小为Vc用量gt;过氧化氢用量gt;时间gt;温度。当过氧化氢加入量为0.7%、Vc加入量为0.5 m L、温度为60℃、反应时间为60 min,在此最佳工艺条件下,色值最低可降至668 IU。关键词:玉米秸秆;纤维素酶酶解;还原糖;色值控制
Abstract: This paper mainly studies the enzymatic hydrolysis, reducing sugar analysis and color value control of corn straw. The addition amount of cellulase, the time of enzymatic hydrolysis and the ratio of liquid to solid were selected for the single-factor experiment to explore the change rule of reducing sugar. At the same time, single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment were conducted by selecting content of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), amount of anti-cyclic acid (Vc), temperature and time. The results indicated that the addition of cellulase was 0.1g, the enzymatic hydrolysis time was 72 h, and the liquid-to-material ratio was 20:1 (enzymatic hydrolysis liquid volume: mass of corn straw powder, mL/g), the reduced sugar concentration was 12.49 g/L. According to the size of the range value, the factor affecting the decolorization of corn straw is Vc dosage gt; hydrogen peroxide dosage gt; time gt; temperature. When the amount of hydrogen peroxide was 0.7%, the content of Vc 0.5 mL, temperature of 60℃ for 60 min, reaction time, under the optimum process conditions, color value of the minimum can be 668 IU.
Keywords: Corn Straws;Cellulase Degradation; reducing sugar;Color value control
目 录
1 引言 ...................................................6
2 材料与方法 .............................................7
2.1 材料与试剂............................................7
2.2 试验方法..............................................7
2.2.1 原料预处理..........................................7
2.2.2 玉米秸秆的酶解......................................7
2.2.3 还原糖测定..........................................7
2.2.4 色值测定............................................8
2.3 单因素实验............................................8
2.3.1 还原糖浓度分析......................................8
2.3.2 色值控制与优化......................................8
2.4 正交试验..............................................9
3 结果与分析 ............................................10
3.1 还原糖浓度分析.......................................10
3.2 色值控制与优化.......................................11
3.2.1 单因素实验.........................................11
3.2.2 正交试验...........................................14
4 结论...................................................14
参考文献 ................................................16
致谢 ....................................................17
1 引言
我国是玉米种植大国,尤其在北方,甚至以玉米作为主食,而剩下的大量的玉米秸秆该如何处置呢?由于秸秆中的纤维素难以利用,前几年除了焚烧肥田之外没有任何用处,并且焚烧还会对环境产生污染和生态的破坏[1]。所以如何科学合理地提高玉米秸秆的利用率是各国科学家(尤其是玉米生产大国)一直研究的热点问题。
随着对这个问题研究的深入,人们逐渐的将玉米秸秆用于工业发电、喂养牲畜以及作为种植菌菇的原料等[2]。但因为秸秆量巨大,这些物理的、化学的处理方法并不能很好的对玉米秸秆进行有效利用,所以还有大量的玉米秸秆无法处理。一直到人们发现膳食纤维也是人类不可缺少的成分,很多的微生物以及食品等方面的专家开始对玉米秸秆进行开发研究(如张仲卿等[3]以拟康宁木霉和黄孢原毛平革菌为发酵菌种,研究混合发酵对玉米秸秆纤维素和木质素降解率的影响及最优发酵条件、李亚红等[4]研究解淀粉芽孢杆菌复合菌剂对玉米秸秆中的结构性多糖等大分子碳水化合物降解成葡萄糖、木糖、甘露糖及乳糖等还原性单糖的降解效果),分析秸秆中的营养成分,目前取得的初步成果是将其加工成饼干,饮料等食品,以期达到彻底解决玉米秸秆的利用问题。
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