浅析中国明万历年间传奇与西方歌剧的艺术特色对比研究

论文总字数：10772字

摘 要

:本文首先从中国明代传奇与西方歌剧的发展前提开始，再至明万历时期二者发展进行概述。随后，通过对这一时期中西方民族文化和社会背景的不同进一步阐述创作、取材及艺术特色的异同。最显而易见的就是二者都是综合性舞台艺术，但中国传奇在明万历年间发展的主要声腔为昆山腔，在昆山腔的使用上又分为两个主要派别。以沈璟为首的吴江派，创作重视音律，强调戏曲语言本色，维护昆腔地位。以汤显祖为首的临川派，不受昆腔“正声”和曲律束缚，接受海盐腔、弋阳腔等"杂调"影响，反映现实、抒写情性强调"自然而然"。传奇具有行腔婉转细腻的特点。在汤显祖的显世之作《牡丹亭》中，还有南曲北唱等创作特点，使传奇大放异彩。而西方歌剧通用美声唱法，在演唱方法上与昆山腔有所不同。在多种对比下，明万历时期的传奇戏曲与西方歌剧的特点已浮出水面，这些异同在当今世界多元化发展的条件下促使中西方音乐文化步步结合，共同发展。

关键词：明万历年间、中国传奇、西方歌剧、艺术特色

Abstract: This paper begins with an overview of the development premise of Chinese Ming Dynasty legends and Western operas and their development in the WanLi period of Ming Dynasty. Subsequently, based on the differences between Chinese and Western cultures and social backgrounds during this period, it elaborates the similarities and differences in creation, material selection and artistic characteristics. While the most obvious is that both are comprehensive stage art, the main voice of the Chinese legend in the Wanli period of Min Dynasty is Kunshan Opera, which is divided into two main schools in its use. The Wu Jiang school, led by Shen Jing, emphasizes the temperament of the creation and the nature of the opera language, and maintains the status of Kun Opera. The Linchuan school is headed by Tang Xianzu. It is not bound by the "orthodox voice" and the rhythm of the Kun Opera. Instead it accepts the influence of the "miscellaneous tone" such as the Haiyan tone and the Yiyang tone, reflecting the reality, expressing the temperament and emphasizing the nature. The legend has the characteristics being sleek and delicate. In famous work "Peony Pavilion" by Tang Xianzu, it shows the creation feature of singing the southern opera in a northern style which makes the legend shine. The universal western opera"s vocal singing method is different from Kunshan opera in the singing method. With a variety of comparison, the characteristics of the legend operas of the Ming Dynasty and the Western operas have been exposed. These similarities and differences have promoted the integration and development of Chinese and Western music culture under the conditions of diversified development in the current world.

Key words: WanLi period of Ming Dynasty, Chinese legend, Western opera, artistic characteristics

目录

1 前言..........................................................4

2 明万历时期中国传奇与西方歌剧发展概况..........................4

2.1 中国传奇的发展概况..........................................4

2.1.1 中国传奇的前身............................................4

2.1.2 中国传奇在明万历年间的发展................................4

2.2 西方歌剧发展概况............................................5

2.2.1 西方歌剧的发展起源........................................5

2.2.2 西方歌剧在明万历年间的发展................................5

3 明万历年间中国传奇戏曲与西方歌剧的对比 .......................6

3.1 题材的对比..................................................6

3.2 创作背景的对比..............................................7

3.3 音乐艺术特色的对比..........................................7

3.3.1 唱腔上的对比..............................................7

3.3.2 剧本体制的对比............................................8

3.3.3 艺术表现形式的对比........................................8

3.3.4 流派的对比................................................9

4 西方歌剧与中国明传奇对现今社会的影响..........................9

结语............................................................10

参考文献........................................................11

致谢............................................................12

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