从英汉习语中的动物形象浅析中英文化异同

论文总字数：34793字

摘 要

从远古开始人类便与众多动物长期共同生存在地球上。随着人类社会的进步，很多动物成为人类的朋友和宠物，为人类服务。经过时间的不断积累出现了特有的有关动物方面的语言表达，我们称之为动物习语。语言与文化关系紧密，作为文化载体的习语在语言中扮演至关重要的角色。中英文化中都有各自具有代表性的动物习语，其中的动物形象往往能够反映人们的生活习性和情感态度。然而，由于不同的历史和文化，不同的价值观，以及不同的审美观，习语中出现的动物形象也因为语言的不同而有所不同。本文将结合实例阐述中英动物习语的特点并从文化角度对它们之间的异同进行分析研究，有利于人们恰当地进行文化交流。

关键词：动物习语；形象；英语；汉语；文化

Contents

1. Introduction 1

2. Idioms and Culture 1

2.1 Relationship between Language and Culture 2

2.2 Characteristics of Culture 3

2.3 Characteristics of Idioms ...............................................................................4 3. A Comparsion of Similarities and Differences in Metaphors

3.1 Same Animals with Same Metaphorical Meanings 5

3.2 Different Animals with Different Metaphorical Meanings 6

3.3 Same Animals with Different Metaphorical Meanings 8

4. Causes of the Similarities and Differences 9

4.1 Causes of Similarities 10

4.2 Causes of Differences 11

5. Conclusion 12

Works Cited 14

1. Introduction

Idioms play an really important role in a language, which always exist in our daily communication. What’s the meaning of idioms? According to Oxford Advantaged Learner’s English-Chinese Dictionary, an idiom is a group of words whose meaning is different from the meanings of the individual words or the kind of the language and grammar used by particular people at a particular time or place. And, idiom is also an expression whose meaning is not predictable from the usual grammatical rules of a language or from the usual meanings of its constituent elements, or construction or expression peculiar to a language. Mona Baker gives the meaning of the idiom that “a fixed set of language combination and its meanings can not be guessed from each of the word. ” (Baker 2009: 69) Idioms cover a wide field including set phrases, proverbs, folk adage, slang, jargon and etc. which are called成语，谚语，俗语，俚语and 行话in Chinese. They are based on people’s living habits and working experience where people can learn the lessons from them. Different history, cultural origins, geography locations, religious beliefs, moral standards and so forth result in the cultural differences. Since ancient times, humans and many creatures have lived together on earth for a really long time. Animals maintain close contact with humans and have a deep impact on human’s production and daily life. In the long-term development of the language, there appeared a new form of phrases or vocabulary relating to animals which we call “animal idioms”. These phrases and expressions are inextricably linked with animals, often containing figurative meanings which make the expressions more lively and interesting. Most people hold the idea that animals make great contribution to humans in that they create a large amount of unique language.

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中文参考文献必须翻译成英语，格式如下：（全名汉语拼音，出版年份：引用页码）。当作者为2人时，用amp;连接；若为3个作者，第一作者姓后加逗号，第二三作者姓中间加and; 如果作者为4人及其以上，则只需写出第一作者的姓，再在后面加上“et al.”

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