论文总字数：15472字

目 录

1引言 1

2文献综述 1

2.1自我同一性 1

2.1.1自我同一性概念 1

2.1.2自我同一性理论 1

2.1.3大学生自我同一性的影响因素 2

2.2心理沙盘疗法 3

2.2.1心理沙盘疗法概述 3

2.2.2心理沙盘分析框架 3

2.2.3心理沙盘疗法的应用研究 3

3研究方法 4

3.1研究假设 4

3.2被试 4

3.3研究工具 4

4研究结果与分析 4

4.1大学生初始心理沙盘特征 4

4.1.1初始沙盘的创伤与治愈主题 4

4.1.2沙盘作品中的场面特征与主题类型 5

4.1.3沙盘作品中自我像的出现情况 6

4.1.4玩具使用数量及种类的特点 6

4.1.5沙的使用情况 7

4.1.6沙盘作品整体印象 7

4.2结论 8

4.2.1大学生心理状态以健康和亚健康为主 8

4.2.2大部分大学生封闭自我 8

4.2.3大学生对于自身角色认识不够清晰 8

4.2.4大学生内心世界较匮乏 9

4.2.5大学生缺乏创造能力 9

4.2.6大学生探索外部世界时缺少能力与努力 9

5结论与建议 10

5.1结论 10

5.2建议 10

5.2.1针对高校的建议 10

5.2.2针对大学生个人的建议 10

5.3研究的不足 11

参考文献： 11

致谢 13

基于心理沙盘的大学生自我同一性研究

钟雪

, China

Abstract：College students are in an important period of self-identity formed in Erikson's life-long development theory. Self-identity is an important symbol of college students' psychological health and plays a protective role in mental health. At the same time, the successful development and improvement of self-identity will determine whether college students can successfully transform their identities into the next stage of their lives. This study attempts to use sandplay therapy to study and analyze the psychological sandplay of college students, and to understand the degree of development of college students' self-identity.The main characteristics of college students' sandplay work are summarized as follows: (1)The scene features mainly consist of harmony, statics, and inner boundaries; (2)the subject types of college students' sandplay works are family, social, and natural, and wars, conflicts, etc. are less frequent scenes;(3)The number and types of toys used by undergraduates are generally less, mainly in furniture buildings, human figures, and animal plants; (4)There are no self-images in the part of college students' sandbox work, and there is confusion about self-perception; (5)The use of sand in sandpaper for college students remains untouched. Sand and lightly moving sand dominate the lack of creativity and exploration capabilities. This study finds that college students' self-identity is still at a relatively low level. Most of them are concentrated in the same stage of early closure and identity delay, and universities and college students need to work together to raise the level of identity.

Key words：college students; sandplay therapy; self-identity

1引言

大学生群体正处于从青年发展成为成年的过渡期，也正处于埃里克森毕生发展理论的自我同一性形成的关键时期。在这一阶段，大学生需要面临各种冲突和问题，例如人际交往、学习、恋爱、职业选择、未来人生规划等，这些都需要他们对于自身进行重新认识和定位，进而去探索和构建自我同一性这一发展任务。目前阶段的自我同一性的发展任务能否顺利完成，不仅关系到个人的健康发展，也决定着他是否能够逐步适应社会环境、进而体验人生价值和意义。假如个体不能顺利地解决自我同一性危机，那么就会导致无意义感，对于未来感到迷茫从而导致驻足不前，没有探索生活的勇气。

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