论文总字数：17969字

目 录

引言 1

1 材料与方法 2

1.1 试验材料 2

1.2 O3 熏气处理 2

1.3 采样 2

1.4 土壤非生物因素的测定 2

1.4.1 土壤活性有机碳的测定 2

1.4.2 土壤总氮的测定 3

1.4.3 土壤有效磷的测定 3

1.4.4 土壤有效钾的测定 3

1.4.5 土壤pH的测定 4

1.4.6 土壤含水量的测定 4

1.5 土壤生物因素的测定 4

1.5.1 土壤微生物量碳的测定 4

1.5.2 土壤微生物量氮的测定 4

1.6 土壤微生物多样性的测定 4

1.7 数据处理 5

2 结果与分析 5

2.1 臭氧对非生物因素的影响 5

2.1.1 O3对土壤活性有机碳的影响 5

2.1.2 O3对土壤总氮含量的影响 5

2.1.3 O3对土壤碳氮比的影响 6

2.1.4 O3对土壤有效磷的影响 6

2.1.5 O3对土壤有效钾的影响 7

2.1.6 O3土壤pH的影响 7

2.1.7 O3对土壤含水量的影响 8

2.2 臭氧对生物因素的影响 8

2.2.1 O3对土壤微生物量碳的影响 8

2.2.2 O3对土壤微生物熵的影响 8

2.2.3 O3对土壤微生物量氮的影响 9

2.2.4 O3对土壤微生物量碳氮比的影响 9

2.3 土壤微生物多样性 10

2.4 土壤微生物多样性与土壤肥力的相关性 10

2.5土壤肥力的主成分分析 11

3 结论 12

3.1 臭氧浓度升高降低了土壤碳、氮、磷、钾的含量 12

3.2 臭氧浓度升高降低了土壤微生物生长量 12

3.3 臭氧浓度升高没有改变土壤微生物多样性指数Shannon指数和Simpson指数，但降低了Mcintosh指数。 12

3.4 土壤微生物多样性与土壤肥力的相关性 13

4 讨论 13

参考文献 14

致谢 16

地表臭氧浓度升高土壤微生物多样性与土壤肥力的

相关性研究

徐煜东

, China

Abstract: The effect of surface ozone pollution on the interaction between soil microbial diversity and soil fertility was studied. In this study, the effect of elevated ozone concentration on soil fertility and soil microbial activity in wheat was simulated using the OTC method. Soil abiotic factors were measured: content of active organic carbon, nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium, and soil pH and water content. Biological factors were determined: microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen, and microbial entropy. Soil was calculated using the Biolog method. Microbial diversity index. The results showed that the increase of ozone concentration reduced the content of soil carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium; the pH value of soil did not change significantly; the water content in O₃ concentration was significantly reduced at 150nL·L^-1 (T2); microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen Reduced; Shannon index and Simpson index did not change significantly, Mcintosh index decreased significantly. The results showed that the increase of ozone concentration had no significant effect on the richness and dominance of soil microbial communities, but changed the distribution of microorganisms in soil and the uniformity of microorganisms decreased. Biodiversity indices are significantly associated with biological and abiotic factors in soil, and their significance of correlation changes when O₃ concentrations increase.

Key words: ozone, soil fertility, biodiversity; Correlation

引言

随着大量人为污染物的排放，地表臭氧浓度正在逐渐升高，这已成为人们广为关注的环境问题^［1］。浓度升高的臭氧逐渐影响空气质量，危害人类的健康和生活，在长三角地区尤为明显。有研究表明，臭氧浓度升高会对土壤微生物产生直接或间接的影响^［2］，而土壤微生物又与土壤中的生物学过程有关^［3］，从而使土壤发生了改变。对于土壤生态学的研究一直是学者们的关注热点，不过今年来，土壤生态学的研究趋势有了新的改变，研究方向主要变成了土壤生物区系以及土壤多样性。

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