论文总字数:26373字
目 录
一、前言 5
(一)研究目的及意义 5
(二)国内外MJO研究进展 5
1.MJO的基本特征 5
2.对MJO动力学研究进展 6
3.多尺度能量分析进展 6
(三)本文拟研究内容 6
二、资料与方法 7
(一)资料 7
(二 方法 7
三、MWT重构场中的MJO特征分析 8
(一)MJO尺度OLR及对流层850hPa风场特征 8
(二)MJO的动能特征 9
(三)MJO垂直速度特征 11
(四 本章结论 12
四、MJO动能的MS-EVA诊断分析 12
(一)正压不稳定能量传输项分析(TK01amp;TK21) 12
(二)浮力转换(BUOY)项及气压梯度力做功(QP)项分析 15
(三)动能平流输送项(QK)的诊断分析 18
(四)本章结论 20
五、合成MJO事件分析 21
六、总结及展望 23
参考文献 24
致谢 28
一次MJO事件的多尺度能量分析
宣卓林
,China
Abstract:The MJO event from 4 December 2007 to 22 January 2008 is a special phenomenon which happened under La Niña conditions but was surprisingly strong. In this study, a recently developed tool, multiscale window transform (MWT), and the MWT-based localized multiscale energy and vorticity analysis (MS-EVA) are used to diagnose the kinetic energetics underlying this event. We found that in this case, the sources of kinetic energy on the MJO scale include the conversion from the potential energy and the canonical transfer from the large scale flow. The transport process and the canonical transfer to synoptic scale processed make the energy sink.
It is found that the canonical transfers of MJO shows different directions at different locations. West of the Maritime Continent, the system is barotropically unstable, while in the Western Pacific sector, the basic flow is barotropically stable but the MJO is secondary barotropically unstable. The dominant balance on the MJO scale is between the buoyancy conversion and the advection of the KE by mean winds. The kinetic energy gained from former is redistributed by the latter.
Comparing the above with that from the composite MJO event, we find that this MJO event gains much more kinetic energy from the available potential energy, implying stronger warm air rising and cold sinking. This to a certain extent explains the greater intensity of this MJO event.
Key words:MJO(Madden-Julian Oscillation);localized multiscale energy and vorticity analysis (MS-EVA);canonical transfer
前言
研究目的及意义
2007年12月至2008年2月,东南亚地区出现破纪录的持久的极冷异常(ECA),中国南部也发生了异常的冰冻雨雪事件。在此期间,赤道东太平洋地区海表温度负异常很强(拉尼娜年),热带地区出现了多次较强的季节内振荡。
前人已有研究表明,冷空气爆发与MJO之间存在一定的联系[1,2]。Chang等(2005)证明了在MJO的湿位相更易出现寒潮事件。这一次ECA事件之持久正是由于MJO在苏门答腊的异常停滞导致的[3]。因此,对于大气季节内振荡的深入研究,可以更好地了解与之相联系的气候及天气变化(如:寒潮、ECA等)的情况。
MJO与ENSO的相互作用机制也是大气季节内振荡与海气相互作用研究的重要内容。已有研究表明,MJO强度随着厄尔尼诺的发展而减小[4–6]。一般情况下,在拉尼娜年MJO的强度会明显弱于厄尔尼诺年[7]。但是这次强冷空气对应的MJO是在拉尼娜背景下发生的强而久的MJO事件。因此对这一特别的MJO个例的研究非常有必要。
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