论文总字数：18753字

目 录

中文摘要 ..................................................................................................1

Abstract ..................................................................................................2

1引言 1

2材料与方法 2

3结果与讨论 2

3.1 净光合速率变化趋势 2

3.2蒸腾速率变化趋势 3

3.3气孔导度变化趋势 4

3.4胞间CO₂浓度变化趋势 5

3.5气孔限制值变化趋势 6

3.6光强对渍水寡照和自然条件下小麦的净光合速率等参数的影响..................................7

4结论 9

参考文献 10

致谢 12

渍水寡照对小麦灌浆期生理特征的影响

张宇翔

，China

Abstract Wheat is one of the main grain crops in China, its area and yield are only after rice. Some of the world's population of 35%-40% eat wheat as the main food, its distribution area is wide, the planting area and total yield are in the front of the cereal crops . In China, wheat is the main grain varieties of important commodity grain reserves and the strategy of our country.The photosynthesis and transpiration of plants are sensitive to the changes of the surrounding environment, and the plant itself also has a certain feedback effect on the changes of the surrounding environment. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the change of plant physiological characteristics under different environmental conditions. In this paper, using the Li-6400 portable photosynthesis instrument equipped with red and blue light, choose light 2cm*3cm standard leaf chamber, From April 16th to April 27th in 11 days, on the natural conditions of the 3 pots of wheat plants and 3 pots of wheat under waterlogging stress of net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (Gs) determination of photosynthetic parameters, study the different environmental conditions on physiological characteristics the effect of the filling stage of wheat. The results show that: (1) in waterlogging, under natural conditions, the photosynthetic rate of wheat with sampling time showed a trend of gradually decreasing. In the whole measurement range at the same time, light intensity, under natural conditions, the net photosynthetic rate of wheat to wheat than waterlogging under the condition of net photosynthetic rate, With the increase of light intensity, light net photosynthetic rate of wheat under waterlogging condition is also improved. Some inhibitory effect on wheat photosynthesis. (2) in the overall measurement time range, transpiration rate of wheat on the overall natural conditions than wheat waterlogging conditions with the transpiration rate, light intensity the increase of transpiration rate of Wheat were improved. (3) measured in the same time point and the same light intensity, waterlogging conditions of wheat stomatal conductance was lower than that of wheat stomatal conductance under natural conditions. The same can be obtained with the light intensity increased, the stomatal conductance of wheat (4) will be increased. With the measured time point, waterlogging conditions of wheat intercellular CO₂concentration lower than the natural conditions of wheat intercellular CO₂ concentration and the difference between them is more and more big, and improve the light intensity in the light after wheat, intercellular CO₂concentration decreased slightly. (5) with the measured time point, waterlogging conditions of Wheat stomatal limitation value (Ls) to wheat were greater than natural conditions limit value (Ls) and the wheat leaf in two different conditions: limit value (Ls) the difference between the increased gradually. At the same time can be obtained, with light intensity increasing, under the same conditions of wheat stomatal limiting value (Ls) increased slightly.

Key words: wheat; waterlogging; sunlight ; photosynthetic characteristics;grain filling stage.

1引言

小麦是我国的主要粮食作物之一，其面积和产量仅次于水稻。全世界约有35%-40%的人口以小麦为主要的食粮，其分布地区之广，种植面积之大以及总产量之高均居谷类作物前列。在我国，小麦是我国的重要商品粮和战略性的主要粮食储备品种。而我国黄淮海流域是我国主要的麦区之一，此处麦区灌浆期往往受到阴天降水的影响，影响得到了小麦产量和品质，而小麦产量和品质的高低直接影响我国人民生活水平的提高。同时，植物的蒸腾作用以及光合作用对其自身的生理特征的变化均具有重要的作用，光合作用的速率以及蒸腾作用的速率与农作物之间的参量之间存在重要的相关性的关系，因此这两个指标也被作为农作物能否高产、高品质的重要参考因素。植物的光合、蒸腾作用对周围环境的变化较为敏感，且植物自身也会对周围环境的变化具有一定的反馈作用。因此，研究渍水寡照条件下植物生理特征的变化具有重要的意义，同时研究植物蒸腾、光合生理特征的变化，能够很好的了解到渍水寡照环境因子对植物不同生理特征的影响，可以为植物合理的栽培提供科学的理论指导意义。

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