论文总字数：23562字

摘 要

金属—有机物复合体系作为一种典型的复合污染现象,引起了各界的广泛关注。各种研究表明,金属—有机物复合污染的生物毒性往往高于单一污染,同时水体中的复合污染向土壤等环境载体的迁移将造成更大的危害。处理金属—有机物复合污染体系的方法包括吸附法、强化混凝法、光化学催化法、生物法及膜法等。

吸附法是利用物质的吸附性能或交换作用来去除复合体系中的污染物。其中离子交换树脂具有吸附容量大，性能稳定等优点，但对于复合污染废水，由于废水中含有与目标吸附质结构相近的化合物，与目标吸附质之间存在着竞争吸附，因此我们需要研究阴离子交换树脂能不能去除复合污染废水中的污染物。

本研究采用本实验室自主研制的新型弱碱阴离子交换树脂作为吸附剂，研究其对十二烷基苯磺酸钠（SDBS）及铜（Cu）的单组分吸附性能以及复合污染时的吸附性能，探讨了温度、pH等因素的影响规律，并选择了最佳脱附剂。

吸附等温线等实验表明，该树脂能够有效的去除水中的SDBS和Cu(Ⅱ)。单因素影响实验表明：pH、温度对SDBS和Cu(Ⅱ)的去除都有着重要影响；当pH为3时，树脂对SDBS和铜离子的吸附量最大；相同浓度的溶液，树脂对SDBS和铜离子的吸附量都随着温度的升高而增大。同时实验表明：不同因素对树脂吸附SDBS和Cu(Ⅱ)的影响程度不同，温度的影响程度大于pH的影响程度。在复合污染中，SDBS和Cu(Ⅱ)对彼此的吸附都存在抑制作用，但当两者同时存在时，树脂的吸附能力相比单独存在的有了一定的提升。同时，采用5%NaCl 50%乙醇-50%水溶液脱附SDBS、1mol/L的盐酸脱附Cu(Ⅱ)有较好脱附效率。

关键词：弱碱树脂；SDBS；铜；复合污染

Abstract

Metal-organic composite has been caused widespread concern in the community system as a typical compound contamination.It is noted by various studies that the biological toxicity of metal composite pollution is often higher than single pollution while migrating complex polluted water into the soil and other environmental carrier will cause more damage.At the same time, more harm is caused due to the migrate from combined pollution of water bodies to soil and other environmental carrier. Methods of processing organics - metal xomplex pollution system include adsorption, enhanced coagulation, photochemical catalysis, biological, membrane method and so on.

Adsorption method is to use the physical adsorption or exchange effect to remove the pollutants in the complex system. With ion exchange resin has the advantages of a large capacity of absorption and stable performance, but for the compound pollution of waste water, due to the wastewater containing close to target adsorbate structure of the compound, and the target there is competition between adsorbate adsorption, so we need to study the anion exchange resin can remove the pollutants in the compound pollution of waste water. This study used the lab independently developed a new type of weak base anion exchange resin as an adsorbent, the research on the dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) and copper (Cu) of single component adsorption performance, and composite pollution on the adsorption performance, studies the rule of the influence of factors such as temperature, pH, and select the optimum stripping agent.

Adsorption isotherm experiments show that the resin can effectively remove SDBS water and Cu (Ⅱ).Single factor experiments showed: pH, temperature SDBS removal and Cu (Ⅱ) all have a significant impact; The resin adsorption of SDBS and the largest amount of copper when the pH is 3;The same concentration of solution, resin adsorption quantity of SDBS and copper increases with the rising of temperature. At the same time experiments showed that: Different effects on different factors SDBS resin adsorption and Cu (Ⅱ), the extent of the influence of temperature is greater than the influence of pH. SDBS and Cu (Ⅱ) adsorption on each other are present inhibition but

when both are present, the adsorption capacity of the resin as compared to the presence of a certain upgrade alone in the complex pollution .At the same time, the use of 5% NaCl 50% -50% aqueous ethanol desorption SDBS, hydrochloric acid desorption 1mol / L of Cu (Ⅱ) has a good desorption efficiency.

Keywords: Weak base resin ;SDBS; copper; combined pollution

目录

摘要 1

Abstract 2

第 1 章 绪论 6

1.1 阴离子表面活性剂污染概况 6

1.2 重金属污染概况 7

1.3 重金属-有机物复合污染概况 7

1.4 吸附法处理重金属-有机物复合污染体系的研究现状 8

1.5 离子交换树脂的吸附机理 8

1.6 本课题的主要研究内容 9

第2章 实验方案 10

2.1实验内容 10

2. 2 实验器材 10

2. 3 实验试剂 10

2. 4 实验方法 11

第3章 实验结果与分析 15

3.1 标准曲线 15

3.1.1 SDBS标准曲线的绘制 15

3.1.2 Cu(Ⅱ)标准曲线的绘制 15

3.2 pH对吸附的影响 16

3.2.1 pH对SDBS吸附的影响 16

3.2.2 pH对Cu(Ⅱ)吸附的影响 17

3.3 SDBS吸附等温线 18

3.4 Cu(Ⅱ)吸附等温线 19

3.5 复合污染吸附比较 20

3.5.1 复合污染中，氯化铜对SDBS吸附的影响 20

3.5.2 复合污染中，SDBS对Cu(Ⅱ)吸附的影响 22

3.5.3Cu(Ⅱ)浓度不同时SDBS吸附量的变化 23

3.5.4 SDBS浓度不同时氯化铜吸附量的变化 24

3.5.5 SDBS和Cu(Ⅱ)同时存在时，树脂吸附能力相比单一系统的影响 25

3.6 树脂对SDBS和Cu(Ⅱ)吸附能力的比较 25

3.7 吸附动力学 30

3.8 复合污染脱附 34

第4章 结论与展望 37

4.1 研究总结 37

4.2 研究展望 38

致谢 39

参考文献 41

第 1 章 绪论

环境中越来越多的有机、无机污染物对生态以及人类健康构成了严重的威胁，其中芳香化合物、农药、重金属等是经常共存、且广泛分布的，这类复合污染更是治理的难题。但目前对环境中阴离子表面活性剂类有机物及重金属的复合污染治理措施研究不足，缺乏富有成效的理论和实践成果。离子交换树脂具有物理空隙大，交换速率快，交换容量大，再生率高，耐冲击变形性强，耐有机污染性能好，物理强度高等优点。合成具有代表性的弱碱阴离子交换树脂、考察其对阴离子表面活性剂、重金属复合污染吸附行为具有重要的研究意义，已然成为处理此类复合污染的研究热点、重点。

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