行政机关负责人出庭应诉制度研究

论文总字数：17988字

摘 要

学 号：25012231

姓 名：杨德林

指导老师：熊樟林

以《中华人民共和国行政诉讼法》的颁布实施为标志，我国具有中国特色的行政诉讼制度建立至今已经有26年。这项“民告官”的法律制度的实施的行政审判工作的开展，对于推进依法治国，促进依法行政，保护公民权利，化解行政争议，服务国家大局，维护社会稳定，都具有不可替代的作用。行政诉讼是行政救济的一种，也是最具有鲜明民主特质的法律制度之一，在规范行政机关行为、维护行政相对人权益方面发挥不可替代作用。

行政机关负责人出庭应诉是指行政相对人依法向人民法院提起行政诉讼，被诉行政机关的负责人作为被告亲自参加庭审、应诉辩护的一项诉讼制度。该制度的实施使行政机关负责人在庭审过程中对行政主体所做具体行政行为合法与否形成直观了解，同时也扭转了被告缺席判决对维护行政司法权威的不利影响。实践证明，行政机关负责人出庭应诉制度确实在一定程度上改善行政诉讼审理难、裁判难、执行难问题，行政机关负责人出庭应诉制度作为中国特色法治建设的制度探索，不失为推动行政审判迈向公平正义的一条良方。

关键词：行政机关负责人 行政诉讼 出庭应诉

An Empirical Study of Chief Executives Appearing in Court and Participating in Proceedings

ABSTRACT

From the administrative procedure law of the People's Republic of China enacted, our country administrative litigation system with Chinese characteristics to establish up to now has nearly 26 years. The people prosecuting the administrative organizations of the legal system and administrative trial work, to promote the rule of law, promote administration according to law, protect the rights of citizens, to resolve administrative dispute, serves the nation, maintaining social stability, has the irreplaceable important position and role. Administrative litigation is a kind of administrative remedy, also has one of the most striking trait of democratic legal system, in regulating the behavior of administrative organs, maintaining the administrative relative person rights and interests plays an irreplaceable role.

Chief executives appearing in court and participating in proceedings refers to the administrative relative person to people court to lodge a lawsuit according to law, the administrative organs of the defendant's head as a defendant personally to participate in the trial, responding to a lawsuit system. The implementation of the system to make the trial of administrative leader did to administrative subject in the process of the specific administrative act is legal or not form the intuitive understanding, at the same time also reversed the judgment by default the defendant's challenge to the authority of administrative trial. In practice, according to a survey to appear in court litigation system of administrative leader does to a certain extent, improve the judicial, referees, implementation of difficult issues, the administrative leader to appear in court litigation system as a new system of the construction of the rule of law with Chinese characteristics, is to promote the administrative trial closer to a cure of justice.

Key words: Chief Executives； Administrative Proceeding； Appearing in Count and Participating in Proceedings

目录

摘要 1

Abstract 1

前言 1

一、行政机关负责人出庭应诉制度的背景 1

（一）起源和概念 2

二、行政机关出庭应诉制度的权力制约原理 2

（一）西方权力制约思想 3

（二）司法权制约行政权的必要性和可行性 3

（三）司法权制约行政权的价值 3

三、行政机关负责人出庭应诉制度的现实困境与相关争议 4

（一）实践中的困境 4

（二）现实中司法权监督的有限性 4

（三）理论争议 5

（四）现实争议 6

四、行政机关负责人出庭应诉制度的相关建议 7

（一）完善理论基础 7

（二）提升法治观念 7

（三）优化外司法环境 8

结语 8

参考文献 9

谢辞 10

行政机关负责人出庭应诉制度研究

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