论文总字数：30437字

摘 要

多年来，我国劳动力的地理转移逐渐加速，快速发展的经济也促进了流动人口的大量增加，移民家庭数量节节攀升。与此同时，我国在家庭创业方面的热情十分饱满，创业活动十分活跃。金融约束在促进中国小微企业、个体经济的发展方面具有重要的作用。在中国经济腾飞的今天，金融约束对于中国大众创业的影响更加突出，也更加引人深思。

本文首先介绍了关于金融约束和家庭创业方面前人的理论和实证研究及本文的理论基础。前人研究表示，金融约束总体来说对家庭创业的概率和水平都有着直接的作用，金融约束越小，家庭创业的概率和水平越高。本文应用职业选择模型，设立移民家庭与非移民家庭的对照组，分别分析了金融约束对家庭创业的影响。

在实证部分，本文基于北京大学国家发展研究院的中国健康与养老追踪调查数据（China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study,简称CHARLS）披露的家庭移民情况、家庭资产总量、负债情况等信息的18604个样本，研究基于移民行为的金融约束对家庭创业的影响和机制。研究表明，金融约束对于家庭创业的概率和水平都造成影响，金融约束越小，家庭创业的概率越大，创业家庭的收入也越高。而相比于非移民家庭，金融约束对于移民家庭的创业概率和创业收入的影响更大。与此同时，根据性别、学历、健康状况等一系列人口统计学控制变量得出了一些结论。最后，基于实证结果，本文给出了对于政府政策等的针对性建议，也总结了研究的不足，给出了进一步完善研究的思路。

关键词：移民家庭；金融约束；家庭资产净值；家庭创业；正规融资

Migration, Financial Restraints and Family Entrepreneurship

Abstract

Over the past years, labor transfer of our country gradually accelerated, Rapid economic development has promoted the proliferation of floating population. Number of immigrant families rises year by year. At the same time, people sustain enthusiasm in the family business in China, while entrepreneurial activity is very active. Financial constraints are playing an important role in promoting the development of China's small enterprises, individual economic. With economic taking off in China today, the financial constraints for Chinese public entrepreneurship tend to be more prominent and more thought-provoking.

This paper first introduced some previous theoretical and empirical researches about financial restraints and family entrepreneurship. Previous studies shows that, in all, the financial constraint has a direct effect on both probability and level of family business. The smaller the financial constraints are, the higher the probability of family business and level are. This paper uses Career Choice Model, sets up the migrant families and non-migrant families as control groups, and analyzes the effects of financial constraints to the family business respectively.

In the empirical part, this paper is based on China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study data from National Development Institution of the Peking University. These data contain 18604 samples taken in 2013 containing resettlement, family wealth, family loan, etc. This study tries to figure out how resettlement, financial constraints and family entrepreneurship are related in China. It shows that, financial constraints influence not only the probability for family entrepreneurship, but also the income. The less the financial constraints are, the more probability there will be for a family to choose to start a family business, and earn more after that. Also, compared to immigrated family, financial constraints has greater influence on family entrepreneurship of the migrated ones. At the same time, according to gender, education, health and a series of control variables lead to some conclusions. Finally, according to the empirical results, we presented in this paper suggestions for the government's policy, entrepreneurship choice for entrepreneurs and strategy for resettlement. We also summarize the deficiency of this research and put forward the direction of further research to polish it up.

KEY WORDS: resettlement; financial restraints; family net wealth; family entrepreneurship; formal debt

目录

摘要 1

Abstract 2

第1章 绪论 4

1.1 选题背景及意义 4

1.2 文献综述 4

1.2.1金融约束及金融抑制理论研究综述 4

1.2.2 家庭创业及其相关影响因素研究综述 6

1.2.3文献评述 7

1.3 研究方法与技术路线 7

1.4研究难点及可能的创新点 8

第2章 理论分析与研究假设 9

2.1 制度背景 9

2.2 理论分析——静态职业选择模型 9

2.3 本文假设 10

第3章 研究设计 12

3.1 样本与数据 12

3.2 模型构建 12

3.3 变量说明 15

3.3.1 被解释变量 15

3.3.2 解释变量 15

3.3.3 控制变量 15

3.4 描述性统计及分析 16

第4章 实证研究 20

4.1 单变量分析 20

4.2 多元回归分析 20

4.2.1 金融约束与家庭创业决策 20

4.2.2 金融约束与家庭创业收入 22

4.2.3 金融约束与家庭创业收入的异方差修正回归 24

4.3 金融约束对家庭创业收入影响的进一步探讨——借贷情况 25

4.4 本章小结 26

第5章 总结 27

5.1 全文结论 27

5.2 政策建议 27

5.3 本文研究的不足与未来研究展望 28

参考文献 29

致谢 31

第1章 绪论

1.1 选题背景及意义

多年来，我国劳动力的地理转移逐渐加速，快速发展的经济也促进了流动人口的大量增加，移民家庭数量节节攀升。与此同时，根据西南财大中国家庭金融调查（CHFS）的数据，我国在家庭创业方面的热情十分饱满，创业活动十分活跃。从总体上看，在农村地区，从事工商业家庭的占比略高于城市地区的占比。而从另一个方面来说，创业领域在工商业的家庭，每户家庭的建立的工商业创业项目个数为1.15个，其中农村地区平均水平为1.18个，同样比城市地区的水平略高。就教育程度而言，大学生较之更低学历的人群更具有创业精神，而就年龄层次来看，青年群体是家庭创业的主力军。

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