论文总字数:142282字
摘 要
莲花村社区中心位于无锡市。总建筑面积约为10094.32m2,建筑主体为五层。房屋总高度为21.7m(含室内外高差0.600m(最大处)),层高3.9m,第一、二层层高4.5m,建筑高度≤50m。结构方案初步定为钢筋混凝土框架结构,基础采用桩基础。实验楼设计使用年限为50年;结构安全等级为二级;抗震设防类别为丙类;混凝土结构构件的裂缝控制等级为三级;地基基础设计等级为丙级;建筑物耐火等级为二级。基本风压:𝜔0=0.45𝑘𝑁∕𝑚2(50年一遇);地面粗糙度为B类;基本雪压:𝑠0=0.35𝑘𝑁∕𝑚2(50年一遇)。抗震烈度为6度(0.05g),设计地震分组为第一组;场地类别为Ⅲ类,特征周期值为0.45s。
本设计主要是对中心框架结构进行设计。计算书内容包括:结构平面布置、荷载计算、楼盖设计及配筋、框架内力计算、框架内力组合及配筋、楼梯设计、基础设计、手算电算比较分析。在通过PKPM电算确定结构布置方案的合理性之后,首先对结构屋楼盖进行设计。然后,计算框架在竖向荷载(恒载及活荷载)作用下产生的结构内力,计算框架在风荷载和地震作用下的结构内力。在确定各种荷载作用下框架产生的内力之后,利用Excel对各种工况下的内力进行内力组合,从中找出最不利的内力组合进行截面的设计和配筋。整榀框架设计完成后,再进行板式楼梯和独立基础的设计。楼梯设计包括梯段板、平台梁和平台板的设计。手算部分结束后,根据PKPM电算结果,完善手算没有涉及部分的设计工作。同时,比较手算与电算结果的误差,并分析原因。最后利用手电算计算结果绘制结构的施工图。
关键词:钢筋混凝土,框架,内力,配筋设计
THE STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF LIANHUA ZONE CENTER
Abstract
Lianhua zone center building located in Wuxi City, the total construction area is about 10094.32m2, and the main building is five floors. The total construction is 21.7m in total (including indoor and outdoor elevation 0.600m (the widest part)), height 3.9m each floor. The first and second layer of 4.5m, building height is equal to or less than 50m. The structural scheme is initially set as a reinforced concrete frame structure, which is based on the pile foundation. Laboratory building design service life is 50 years, structure security rating second level; seismic fortification category C; concrete structure crack control level is the three level; foundation design grade C; building fireproof rank for second level. Basic wind pressure: 0=0.45 / 2 (50 years); the surface roughness is B; basic snow:S0=0.35kN /mm2 (50 years). The seismic intensity is 6 degree (0.05g), and the design earthquake is grouped into the first group. The site class is class III, and the characteristic period is 0.45s.
The purpose of the design is mainly to do the design in the frame construction. Calculations include: the structural layout, load calculation, designing and reinforcing of the roof, the analysis of frame stress, the combination of internal forces and reinforcing of the frame, stairs design and foundation design. After the array of the structure is determined by the PKPM software, the roof design is commenced firstly. Secondly, the internal force of the frame under the vertical loads (dead load and live load) will be calculated, then calculate the internal force under the wind load and the seismic force. After computing the internal force under all sorts of loads, the combination of internal force can be made by using the Excel software, whose purpose is to find the most adverse internal force of members. Then the cross-section design of the frame will be made out. After the design of the whole frame is completed, slab or beam stairs and single footing are designed. The design of slab stairs includes designing of step board, landing girder and landing slab; The design of pile foundation includes designing of the footing and the foundation beam. After hand computation is completed, software PKPM is used to improve the part ignored in hand computation. What’s more, the result of hand computation is checked by software PKPM , find out errors and analysis the causes of those differences between them. Finally, production drawings based on the calculation results will be finished.
KEY WORDS : reinforced concrete, frame reinforcement, internal forces, design of reinforceme
目录
第1章 设计资料 1
1.1 工程名称 1
1.2 工程概况 1
1.3 基本数据 1
第2章 结构选型和布置 2
2.1 结构选型 2
2.2 结构布置 2
2.3 初评截面尺寸 2
2.3.1 板厚估算 2
2.3.2 框架梁估算 2
2.3.3 框架柱估算 3
第3章 荷载标准值计算 5
3.1 竖向荷载计算 5
3.1.1 永久荷载计算 5
3.1.2 可变荷载计算 8
3.2 风荷载计算 8
第4章 混凝土楼盖设计 10
4.1 楼面板设计 10
4.1.1 荷载组合设计值 111
4.1.2 双向板弯矩设计值计算 11
4.1.3 双向板正截面受弯承载力 13
4.2 标准层次梁设计 错误!未定义书签。5
第5章 框架内力计算 25
5.1 框架计算简图 25
5.1.1 计算简图 25
5.1.2 框架梁柱截面特征值 25
5.2 框架恒荷载计算 26
5.2.1 屋面层恒荷载计算 26
5.2.2 标准层恒荷载计算 27
5.3 恒载下框架内力计算 29
5.3.1 杆件的分配系数计算 30
5.3.2 固端弯矩计算 30
5.3.3 分层法计算梁、柱端弯矩 33
5.3.4 跨中弯矩计算 41
5.3.5 框架梁剪力计算 42
5.3.6 柱轴力计算 43
5.4 框架恒载下内力图绘制 44
5.5 框架活荷载计算 46
5.5.1 屋面层的活荷载计算 46
5.5.2 标准层活荷载计算 47
5.6 活载下框架的内力计算 48
5.7 可变荷载下内力图绘制 60
第6章 风荷载作用下框架内力计算 62
6.1 风荷载作用下的内力计算 62
6.2 风荷载内力图 66
6.3 风荷载作用下的侧移计算 68
第7章 水平地震作用下框架内力计算 69
7.1 重力荷载代表值计算 69
7.1.1 屋顶层重力荷载代表值计算 69
7.1.2 第3-4层重力荷载代表值计算 69
7.1.3 第2层重力荷载代表值计算 70
7.1.3 底层重力荷载代表值计算 70
7.2 水平地震作用计算 71
7.2.1 框架梁柱线刚度计算 71
7.2.2 柱的侧移刚度D值计算 71
7.2.3 结构基本自振周期计算 72
7.2.4 水平地震作用计算 72
7.2.5 横向水平地震作用下内力计算 73
7.3 地震荷载作用下内力图绘制 75
第8章 梁柱内力组合 78
8.1 框架梁内力组合 78
8.2 框架柱内力组合 89
第9章 梁柱截面设计 100
9.1 框架梁截面设计 100
9.1.1 设计条件 101
9.1.2 框架梁斜截面设计 101
9.2 框架柱截面设计 107
9.2.1 框架柱正截面设计 107
9.2.2 框架柱斜截面设计 108
第10章 楼梯设计 118
10.1 梯段板设计 118
10.1.1 梯段板 TB-1设计 118
10.1.2 梯段板 TB -2设计 120
10.1.3 梯段板 TB -3设计 121
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