CaCu复合材料催化热转化生物质基础研究

论文总字数：29049字

摘 要

选取秸秆为燃料，采用机械搅拌法制备CaO/CuO复合材料作为生物质热解催化剂。在Py-GC/MS实验装置上通过改变催化剂种类和添加量（CuO单独催化，CaO单独催化，CuO/CaO共催化）对秸秆进行快速热解实验，研究分析了不同工况下气化产物规律，为实现Ca/Cu复合材料处理农村生物质秸秆提供初步实验数据。实验表明，添加CaO做催化剂时，CO₂被完全固定，产物中没有CO₂；此外，产物中出现较多的环戊酮及其同系化合物，以及较多的烯烃、烷酮类化合物。添加CuO做催化剂时，产物中检测到的带含氧官能团的物质明显增多。添加CaO/CuO复合颗粒做催化剂时，热解产物变化十分复杂，总体来说，复合材料既起到了CaO吸收CO₂和促进焦油分解的作用，又起到了CuO做氧载体的作用。研究结论为Ca/Cu复合材料用于生物质热转化提供了基础信息。

关键词：生物质秸秆；CaO/CuO复合颗粒；Py-GC/MS；催化

The fundamental study on the thermal conversion of biomass catalyzed by Ca/Cu composite

03012308 Zhou Linfei

Supervised by Duan Lunbo

Abstract： Facing double pressure on resources and the environment, the traditional energy structure which is based on fossil fuel, needs to be reformed and innovated. To develop and use biomass energy becomes a necessity. This paper presents a method of using Ca/Cu composite to realize the thermal conversion of agricultural and forestry biomass waste.

Selecting the rice straw as fuel, the thesis made the CaO/CuO composite as biomass pyrolysis catalyst by mechanical stirring. Catalytic fast pyrolysis experiment was done on a PY-GC/MS system by changing the type and amount of catalysts (CaO catalyzed alone, CuO catalyzed alone and CaO/CuO catalyzed together) to investigate their influences. The distribution of gasification product in different conditions was analyzed to provide preliminary experimental data for achieving the purpose of dealing with the rural biomass by Ca/Cu composites. Results show that, when adding CaO as catalyst, CO₂ is completely fixed, and there is no CO₂ in the product. Furthermore, there is an amount of cyclopentanone and homologues, some olefins and alkanones compound produced. When adding CuO as catalyst, there is more substance with oxygen-containing functional groups in the product. When adding CaO/CuO composites as catalyst, pyrolysis product changes complexly. Overall, CaO plays the role of absorbing CO₂ and promoting the tar breaking down, while CuO transports the oxygen form the matrix to the gas products. The conclusion will serve as basic information for the thermal conversion of biomass catalyzed by Ca/Cu composite.

Key words: Biomass straw；CaO/CuO based composite；Py-GC/MS；Catalysis

目 录

1绪论……………………………………………………………………………1

1.1 引言…………………………………………………………………………………………Y

1.2生物质能发展现状…………………………………………………………………………Y

1.2.1 生物质能概述………………………………………………………………………………Y

1.2.2 我国生物质能发展前景……………………………………………………………………Y

1.2.3生物质气化…………………………………………………………………………………Y

1.3钙循环amp;化学链燃烧………………………………………………………………………… Y

1.3.1 钙循环……………………………………………………………………………………Y

1.3.2 化学链燃烧………………………………………………………………………………Y

1.3.3钙循环耦合化学链燃烧…………………………………………………………………… Y

1.4钙循环、化学链燃烧耦合生物质气化…………………………………………………… Y

1.5本文研究目的和内容…………………………………………………………………… Y

2 实验装置与方法………………………………………………………………………………Y

2.1 引言…………………………………………………………………………………………Y

2.2 实验原料………………………………………………………………………………………Y

2.3 实验仪器………………………………………………………………………………………Y

2.4 CuO/CaO混合颗粒的制备…………………………………………………………………Y

2.4.1制备材料和仪器……………………………………………………………………………Y

2.4.2 CuO/CaO混合颗粒的制备步骤……………………………………………………………Y

2.4.3 CuO/CaO混合颗粒的制备展望……………………………………………………………Y

2.5 Py-GC/MS实验步骤及工况………………………………………………………………Y

3 结果与讨论……………………………………………………………………………………Y

3.1生物质秸秆热解产物分析………………………………………………………………Y

3.2 CaO及其添加量对生物质热解的影响……………………………………………………Y

3.3 CuO及其添加量对生物质热解的影响……………………………………………………Y

3.4不同配比CuO/CaO复合颗粒对生物质热解的影响………………………………………Y

4结论……………………………………………………………………………Y

致谢……………………………………………………………………………………………Y

参考文献………………………………………………………………………………………Y

附录A ××××（必要时）…………………………………………………………………Y

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