微生物燃料电池对难降解有机农药的的去除研究

论文总字数：22506字

摘 要

利用土壤在结构上天然具有的类似沉积物微生物燃料电池（Microbial Fuel Cell）结构的优势，构建新型的土壤MFC，用以研究对土壤有机污染物的净化效能及过程产电特性。

研究以六氯苯（HCB）为目标污染物，初步探究了土壤MFC的产电特性，同时对HCB的降解特性进行了探究。实验结果如下：

1. 构建并运行模拟HCB污染的土壤MFC，通过人为添加共基质形成4个产电周期，设置不同的外阻实验，在56天的实验内：

• 在外阻为20Ω的条件下，四个产电周期中的最大输出电压分别为8.80mV，10.81mV，11.95mV，12.15.mV,此外阻条件下对应的最大功率密度为0.066Mw/m2,根据回归方程计算的内阻为1164Ω，实验结束时，HCB的浓度为29.45mg/kg,此时HCB的去除率为64.68%，去除速率为0.20（mg/kg）/天。
• 在外阻为620Ω的时候，四个产电周期中的最大输出电压分别为200mV，241mV，297mV，300mV,此外阻条件下对应的最大功率密度为0.089Mw/m2,根据回归方程计算的内阻为1106Ω，实验结束时，HCB的浓度为40.91mg/kg，此时HCB的去除率为50.94%，去除速率为0.17（mg/kg）/天。
• 当外阻为1000Ω的时候，四个产电周期中的最大的输出电压分别为300mV，352mV，405mV，407mV，此外阻条件下对应的最大功率密度为0.103Mw/m2,根据回归方程计算的内阻为1076Ω，实验结束时，HCB的浓度为43.36mg/kg，此时HCB的去除率为48.00%，去除速率为0.19（mg/kg）/天。

1. 构建并运行模拟HCB污染的土壤MFC，通过人为添加共基质形成4个产电周期，外阻设置为3000Ω，设置不同的电极间距实验，在56天的实验内:

• 在电极间距为120mm 的时候，四个产电周期中的最大输出电压分别为77mV，99mV，114mV，120.mV,此外阻条件下对应的最大功率密度为0.063Mw/m2,根据回归方程计算的内阻为1132Ω，实验结束时，HCB的浓度为41.77mg/kg,此时HCB的去除率为49,90%，去除速率为0.04（mg/kg）/天。
• 在电极间距为100mm的时候，四个产电周期中的最大输出电压分别为115mV，145mV，159mV，166mV,此外阻条件下对应的最大功率密度为0.080Mw/m2,根据回归方程计算的内阻为1097Ω，实验结束时，HCB的浓度为35.74mg/kg，此时HCB的去除率为57.13%，去除速率为0.20（mg/kg）/天。
• 当电极间距为80mm的时候，四个产电周期中的最大的输出电压分别为119mV，144mV，169mV，168mV，此外阻条件下对应的最大功率密度为0.092Mw/m2,根据回归方程计算的内阻为1027Ω，实验结束时，HCB的浓度为29.94mg/kg，此时HCB的去除率为64.09%，去除速率为0.17（mg/kg）/天。

关键词：土壤；土壤微生物燃料电池；生物电化学系统；六氯苯；产电；净化

ABSTRACT:This research takes such natural advantages of soil into full consideration as soil and microbial fuel cells(MFC) are of similar structure to construct of a new type of soil MFC for the study of the purification efficiency of soil pollutants and process electro-genesis characteristics.

Hexachlorobenzene(HCB) as the targeted pollutant in this research. The research preliminarily explores the MFC soil degradation of HCB and its synchronous electric characteristics. The experimental results are as follows:

1, building and running the simulation of soil MFC contaminated HCB.Adding co substrate by artificially to form four generation cycles.Set different resistance test, within 56 days the experimental results are as follows:

• In the external resistance 20Ω, the maximum output voltage of the four power generation cycle respectively are 8.80mV, 10.81mV, 11.95mV, 12.15.mV. In addition resistance corresponding to the maximum power density 0.066Mw/m². According to the regression equation to calculate the resistance to 1164 Ω. At the end of the experiment, concentration of HCB is 29.45mg/kg.At this time , HCB have removed 64.67%, and the removal rate is 0.20 (mg / kg) / day.
• In the external resistance 620Ω, the maximum output voltage of the four power generation cycle respectively are 200mV, 241mV, 297mV, 300.mV. In addition resistance corresponding to the maximum power density 0.089Mw/m². According to the regression equation to calculate the resistance to 1106 Ω. At the end of the experiment, concentration of HCB is 40.91mg/kg. At this time , HCB have removed 50.94%, and the removal rate is 0.17 (mg / kg) / day.
• In the external resistance 1000Ω, the maximum output voltage of the four power generation cycle respectively are 300mV, 352mV, 405mV, 407.mV. In addition resistance corresponding to the maximum power density 0.103Mw/m². According to the regression equation to calculate the resistance to 1076 Ω. At the end of the experiment, concentration of HCB is 43.36mg/kg. At this time , HCB have removed48%, and the removal rate is 0.19 (mg / kg) / day.

2, building and running the simulation of soil MFC contaminated HCB. Adding co substrate by artificially to form four generation cycles. External resistance is set to 3000Ω, setting different electrode spacing experiment within 56 days the experimental results are as follows:

• When the electrode spacing is 80mm, the maximum output voltage of the four power generation cycle respectively are 77mV, 99mV, 114mV, 120.mV. In addition resistance corresponding to the maximum power density 0.063Mw/m². According to the regression equation to calculate the resistance to 1132 Ω. At the end of the experiment, concentration of HCB is 41.77mg/kg. At this time , HCB have removed 49.90%, and the removal rate is 0.04 (mg / kg) / day.
• When the electrode spacing is 100mm the maximum output voltage of the four power generation cycle respectively are 115mV, 145mV, 159mV, 166.mV. In addition resistance corresponding to the maximum power density 0.080Mw/m². According to the regression equation to calculate the resistance to 1097 Ω. At the end of the experiment, concentration of HCB is 35.74mg/kg. At this time , HCB have removed57.13%, and the removal rate is 0.20 (mg / kg) / day.
• When the electrode spacing is 120mm the maximum output voltage of the four power generation cycle respectively are 119mV, 144mV, 169mV, 168.mV. In addition resistance corresponding to the maximum power density 0.092Mw/m². According to the regression equation to calculate the resistance to 1027 Ω. At the end of the experiment, concentration of HCB is 29.94mg/kg. At this time , HCB have removed 64.09%, and the removal rate is 0.17 (mg / kg) / day.

Key words: soil; Soil microbial fuel cell; Hexachlorobenzene; Purification

目录

第一章绪论 6

1.1 土壤有机物污染 6

1.2微生物燃料电池的简介 7

1.2．1微生物燃料电池的发展 7

1.2.2微生物燃料电池的工作原理 8

1.2.3 MFC对有机污染物去除作用 10

1.2.4 MFC测量指标与性能评价 11

1.3典型有机污染物在土壤中的积累与迁移 12

1.4研究内容 12

第二章材料与方法 14

2.1材料 14

2.1.1试验装置 14

2.1.2试验仪器、材料及药品 15

2.2 试验方法 15

2.3样品的分析测定方法 16

第三章土壤MFC对难降解有机农药去除的研究 19

3.1 不同外阻土壤MFC的产电及HCB降解特性 19

3.1.1不同外阻条件下土壤HCB的产电特性 19

3.1.2在不同外阻条件下HCB降解特性 21

3.2 不同间距条件下土壤MFC的产电及HCB降解特性 24

3.2.1不同间距条件下土壤HCB的产电特性 24

3.2.2在不同电极间距下HCB降解特性 28

第四章结论与展望 31

4.1 结论 31

4.2展望 31

致谢 32

参考文献 33

第一章绪论

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