高饱和磁感应强度纳米晶软磁合金研究

论文总字数：29484字

摘 要

传统的非晶纳米晶软磁合金不能同时满足高饱和磁感应强度，低矫顽力，低成本等要求，在应用中存在一定的限制。FeSiBPCu纳米晶软磁合金是在传统的FeSiB非晶合金基础上发展而来的新型纳米晶软磁合金，该合金配方提高了Fe元素含量，采用低熔点P元素替代高熔点Nb、Zr、Hf等贵金属元素，再经适当晶化热处理，使得bcc-Fe纳米晶均匀析出，大幅提高了合金的饱和磁感应强度，同时矫顽力降低，而且成本得到了有效降低。

本文采用了工业原材料，利用单辊甩带法和等温退火法制备了FeSiBCuP 系非晶/纳米晶合金。结合差示扫描量热仪及X 射线衍射表征了非晶态软磁合金的非晶形成能力、热稳定性、晶化过程以及纳米晶合金的微观结构，此外，还测量了纳米晶合金的磁性能，系统地研究了P元素添加以及退火工艺对纳米晶合金微观结构和性能的影响，获得了具有高饱和磁感应强度和低矫顽力的纳米晶合金软磁材料。

研究表明，Fe₈₅Si₂B_12.3-xP_xCu_0.7合金中P元素添加量的改变对合金结构和非晶形成能力产生一定的影响，在P含量为3 at.%，得到完全非晶态的合金，非晶形成能力与其他成分的合金相比较高。随着退火工艺的改变，非晶态合金晶化后将得到不同结构和性能的纳米晶合金。Fe₈₅Si₂B_9.3P₃Cu_0.7非晶合金在450^oc退火2min后具有高的饱和磁感应强度和低的矫顽力，即具备优秀的综合软磁性能。

关键词：纳米晶软磁何金；高饱和磁感应强度；软磁性能；晶化；微观结构；

ABSTRACT

Traditional soft magnetic materials, amorphous alloys, and nanocrystalline alloys, can not meet the high saturation magnetic induction strength, low coercivity, low cost at the same time , leading to application limitations of these materials. FeSiBPCu Nanocrystalline soft magnetic alloy is a new type of nanocrystalline soft magnetic alloy developed on the basis of traditional FeSiB amorphous alloy. The Fe content of the new alloy formula is improved, using low melting point P element instead of high melting point such as Nb, Zr, Hf and other precious metals. With appropriate crystallization heat treatment, the BCC Fe nanocrystalline precipitates homogeneously, leading to the substantial increase of saturated magnetic induction intensity, the reduction of cost and low coercivity.

In this thesis, a series of FeSiBCuP amorphous and nanocrystalline alloys are prepared by single-roller melt spinning method and subsequent crystallization using industrial raw materials. With Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD), the glass-forming ability (GFA), thermal stability, crystallization process and structure are investigated for amorphous and nanocrystalline alloys. In addition, the magnetic properties and brittleness of nanocrystalline alloys are studied. The effects of composition of P and heat treatment on the microstructure and properties of amorphous and nanocrystalline soft magnetic alloys are systematically investigated in order to obtain excellent magnetic materials with high Bs and low coercivity.

It is found that the amount of P in Fe₈₅Si₂B_12.3-xP_xCu_0.7（x=0,1,2,3,4）has an effect on their structure and GFA. A uniform amorphous Fe₈₅Si₂B_12.3-xP_xCu_0.7（x=0,1,2,3,4） ribbons was obtained at x = 4 with higher GFA than others. The microstucture and properties of nanocrystalline alloys vary with the annealing process. It is concluded that the Fe₈₅Si₂B_9.3P₃Cu_0.7 nanocrystalline can get the excellent comprehensive soft -magnetic properties of high Bs and low coercivity when they are annealled at 753K for 3 min..

Key words: Fe-based amorphous alloys, Single-roller melt spinning method, Glass-forming ability,Nanocrystalline, Soft magnetic properties, microstructure

目 录

摘要……………………………………………………………………………………………I

关键词…………………………………………………………………………………………I

Abstract………………………………………………………………………………………II

Key words………………………………………………………………………………………II

1绪论……………………………………………………………………………3

1.1 软磁材料…………………………………………………………………………3

1.1.1 软磁材料概述 …………………………………………………………………………3

1.1.2晶体软磁材料………………………………………………………4

1.1.3 非晶软磁材料…………………………………………………………………………5

1.1.4纳米晶软磁……………………………………………7

1.2制备及相关理论………………………………………………………7

1.2.1 制备方法…………………………………………………………………………7

1.2.2.纳米晶模型………………………………………………………………………………… 9

1.2.3热稳定性…………………………………………………………………………9

1.2.4纳米晶应用…………………………………………………………………………11

1.2.5研究目的…………………………………………………………………………11

2.实验方法……………………………………………………………………………12

2.1 样品制备…………………………………………………………………………12

2.1.1 配料 …………………………………………………………………………12

2.1.2感应熔炼………………………………………………………12

2.1.3 甩带…………………………………………………………………………14

2.1.4等温退火………………………………………………………………………………… 14

2.2性能结构 …………………………………………………………………………14

2.2.1 DSc分析 …………………………………………………………………………15

2.2.2磁性能测量………………………………………………………15

2.2.2.1VSM分析…………………………………………………………………………16

2.2.2.2直流B-H仪…………………………………………………………………………17

2.2.3XRD分析……………………………………………………………………………18

1. P以及退火工艺.…………………………………………………………………………21

3.1引言.…………………………………………………………………………21

3.2P对非晶形成能力…………………………………………………………………………23

3.3P对热性能影响………………………………………………………28

3.4热处理的影响…………………………………………………………………………31

3.5P添加对结构性能.…………………………………………………………………………31

4.结论.…………………………………………………………………………35

致谢……………………………………………………………………………………………36

参考文献………………………………………………………………………………………41

第一章 绪论

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