论文总字数:26126字
摘 要
首先,查阅大量相关的文献与资料,做好充分的知识储备。把文献资料与海豚出水视频相结合,对海豚出水时的运动进行分析,并利用matlab建立方程,绘制图表。
其次,针对海豚的运动特点进行深入研究,对机器海豚进行具体的分部设计,把机器海豚分成头部、身体、尾柄、尾鳍四大部分,对每个部分进行构思设计,并完成相关模型的建立。各个部分的模型建立完之后,进行整体的连接组合与外壳的设计和连接组合。本文最终确立的推进方式是依靠尾柄与尾鳍两个部位各自独立的正弦摆动来产生推力,同时头部安装舵机调整俯仰角,配合身体部分的重心调整机构进行俯仰姿态的改变,重心调整机构选用的是丝杆滑块机构。
最后,对所需的部位进行运动仿真,确认机构的可行性。确认完毕后出工程图,包括整体的装配图与特殊部位的零件图,为后续的加工制作做准备。
关键词:出水运动;动力学;机构设计;运动仿真;机械制图
Analysis of Swimming Mechanism of Dolphins and Design Mechanism of Water-exit Movement Robot
02012205 Li Zhao-qing
Supervised by Xia Dan
2016.5.19
Abstract: With the continuous development and progress of science and technology, research on the field of bionic robot fish in China is becoming more and more mature. However, most of the studies are only aimed at the movement of the robot fish under the water, the research on the water-exit robofish is still very lacking. This paper is aimed at the present situation, research dolphins, analysis process of water-exit movement, and build a model of dolphin robot that can complete water-exit movement. The specific research work is as follows:
First, refer to abundance literature information, learn enough knowledge. Combining literature and video about dolphins, analysis water-exit movement of dolpins, and use matlab to build equation and draw chart.
Then, study movement characteristics of dolphins, branch design dolphin robot, divide dolphin into four parts of head, body, tail handle and tail fin, design each part, and complete the model of each part. After established each part of the model, connect and combination the whole robot body and design the shell and the combination of the shell. The way to promote the final establishment of this article is relying on the tail fin and tail handle, each of them carries out a sinusoidal oscillation to produce thrust, besides, a steering engine will be installed in the head to adjustment pitch angles, the steering engine can work with the center adjusting mechanism to change pitch attitude. the center adjusting mechanism is screw slider.
Finally, carry on mechanism’s motion of each part, confirm feasibility of each part. Complete engineering drawing of each part after that, including the whole assembly drawing and some special parts. This engineering drawing will be helpful to processing and manufacturing.
Key words: water-exit movement;dynamics;machanical design;motion simulation; mechanical drawing
目 录
1 绪论 4
1.1 课题背景 4
1.2 仿生机器鱼的国内外研究现状 4
1.3 仿生机器海豚的国内外研究现状 8
1.4 本文的主要研究内容 9
2 海豚出水运动的matlab数值仿真 10
3 机器海豚的结构设计与模型建立 11
3.1 机构的模块划分 11
3.2 海豚头部的设计 11
3.3 海豚尾柄的设计 13
3.4 海豚尾鳍的设计 18
3.5 海豚身体的设计 19
3.6 本章小节 26
4 机器海豚的整体分析 27
5 运动仿真分析 32
6 总结与展望 34
致谢 35
参考文献 36
海豚游动机理分析及仿生出水机器人机构设计
1、绪论
1.1 课题背景
自从仿生学诞生以来,科学家们就不断的进行仿生学方面的研究。而现在在国际的仿生学领域中,很多科学家都着重于复杂的水下生物的仿生学研究。近年来,为了适应不同海洋环境和任务要求,水下仿生机器人的研究越来越受到关注。而这些研究的成功对丰富和完善水下推进技术、拓展水下机器人的应用范围等做出了巨大的贡献。然而,目前水下仿生机器人的研究仅仅局限于在水下的运动,例如水下直行、急转、回转、上浮、下潜等,对于出水这一运动并没有重视,因此直到现在机器鱼出水运动机理的研究也未见报道。
本文最主要的内容是构思设计一套可实现出水运动的仿生水下机器人。提到水下生物出水,首先想到的自然就是海豚。在水下仿生领域,海豚的游动性能、减阻机制、声纳探测方面具有比鱼类更加卓越的性能。虽然海豚不属于鱼类,但它依旧是国内外研究学者们在研究水下生物时的优选对象。基于这一点,本次研究将以生物海豚作为研究对象,对海豚水下游动、出水、空中滑翔、再次入水的过程进行分析,并以此为依据设计出可实现出水运动的仿生机器人机构。通过该项研究,为拓展机器鱼的运动空间,开发新型可出水的机器鱼提供科学依据。
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