论文总字数:36242字
摘 要
近年来,电动自行车在我国迅速发展,其相比机动车低廉的出行时耗、相对自行车较快的出行速度使其在城市居民出行结构所处的地位越发重要。然而电动自行车交通的迅速发展既给普通老百姓,尤其是中低收入群体的出行带来了便利,同时也由于交通管理、交通法规、交通设计等方面的不完善引发了一系列交通问题,国内各大城市对其发展的态度和政策不一。本课题正是基于此背景,期望在深入研究电动自行车的交通特性的基础上,通过建立模型,定性和定量地探讨电动自行车对城市居民出行方式选择的影响,并对基于电动自行车发展的城市未来交通发展策略作出探讨。
本文从电动自行车目前在我国的发展状况入手,明确了电动自行车的分类和其交通特点及优缺点,通过对国内外对出行方式选择理论的研究,结合南京居民出行实际情况,选取非集计模型中的MNL(Multinomial Logit)多项Logit模型对出行数据进行筛选、组合,同时根据模型需要和数据实际特点,采取不同的变量赋值方法。提出了应用SPSS软件进行参数标定,以电动自行车作为参照方式,得到了步行、自行车、小汽车、公交、地铁、出租六种交通方式的函数表达式,并对模型及参数进行评价以及各参数对各交通方式影响的敏感性进行分析,充分考虑出行费用、出行距离、各个出行目的等因素对不同出行方式选择的影响。对电动自行车在城市交通结构的地位进行量化分析,对其后期的发展方向提出展望。
关键词:电动自行车;出行方式选择;非集计模型;MNL模型
CITY RESIDENTS TRAVEL MODE CHOICE APPROACH BASED ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF E-BIKE
Abstract
In recent years, electric bike gets rapid development in China. Compared with motor vehicles,it has the advantage of shorter travel time and its relatively fast travel speed comparing with bike trips make it an increasingly important status in the urban transportation structure. However,the rapid development of electric bicycle traffic both bring the convenience to ordinary people,especially the low-income groups, but also caused a series of traffic problems due to its imperfections of traffic management and traffic regulations. Domestic metropolitan vary its attitude and development policy towards it. This paper is based on this background,expecting on the basis of in-depth study of traffic characteristics of electric bicycles,through building model, qualitative and quantitative study the effect of electric bicycles on urban travel mode of choice, and exploring strategy based on the future development of the city electric bicycle traffic development.
Starting by introducing electric bikes’ state of development in China at present,make a clear classification of electric bicycles and analyze its traffic characteristics, advantages and disadvantages. Based on the study of travel mode choice theory at home and abroad,combined with the actual situation of Nanjing resident trip, selecting disaggregate model —the MNL (Multinomial Logit) model to do screen and combine about trip data, according to the model ’needs and characteristics of the actual data at the same time, take a different variable assignment method. Proposing through SPSS software for parameter calibration,using electric bicycle as a reference to the way to obtain the function expression of foot, bicycle, car, bus, subway,taxi six kinds of transportation, then the model and parameters were evaluated as well as the parameters the sensitivity of each mode of transportation to analyze the impact of full consideration of travel costs, travel distance, the impact of various factors such as the purpose of travel to different travel mode of choice. Do quantitative analysis about electric bicycles in urban traffic status structure,putting forward the prospects of its development direction of late.
KEY WORDS: electric bicycles; travel mode choice; disaggregate model; MNL model
目录
摘要 I
Abstract II
第一章 绪论 1
1.1 引言 1
1.2国内外研究概况 1
1.2.1 电动自行车相关特性 1
1.2.2居民出行方式选择方法 2
1.2.3国内外现有研究成果总结 3
1.3论文研究目标、研究内容和技术路线 3
1.3.1研究目标 3
1.3.2 研究内容 3
1.3.3 技术路线 4
第二章 电动自行车特征及出行方式选择 6
2.1电动自行车的定义及特征 6
2.1.1电动自行车定义 6
2.1.2 电动自行车分类 6
2.1.3 电动自行车交通特征 7
2.2交通出行方式分类 8
2.3交通方式的要素特性分析 9
2.4南京市江宁区交通方式划分的影响因素 11
2.4.1出行特性 11
2.4.2 出行者特征 14
第三章 交通方式划分非集计模型介绍 17
3.1概述 17
3.2非集计的方式划分模型 17
3.2.1随机效用理论 17
3.2.2 Logit模型 18
3.2.3 MNL模型 20
第四章 南京市江宁区居民出行交通方式划分模型 25
4.1 选择枝的确定 25
4.2 特性变量的选择 25
4.3模型的标定 27
4.3.1 数据统计处理 28
4.3.2 模型评价 30
4.3.3 参数检验 32
4.3.4 参数估计结果 34
4.4 本章小结 42
第五章 结论与展望 43
5.1 研究成果 43
5.2 研究展望 43
致谢 45
参考文献(References) 46
第一章 绪论
1.1 引言
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