论文总字数：24667字

摘 要

我国高级公路建设中，沥青混凝土路面所占比例很高。但是，沥青混凝土路面易受周围环境和每日的交通流量载荷的影响，从而产生一系列的破坏，如裂缝等。目前，公认的可以用于改善路面性能的方法是在沥青混合料中加入少量纤维。加入到沥青混合料中的纤维在一定程度上对沥青混合料起到了加筋的作用。然而，纤维对沥青混合料的增强效果取决于纤维在沥青混合物中的分布情况。纤维不均匀分布的沥青混凝土不能呈现明显的性能提升效果。本研究中采用在沥青混合料中加入具有相对较高的抗拉强度，柔韧性和相对较低的成本等优点的钢纤维。在级配相当的沥青混合料中分别加入质量分数为0.4％和1％的沥青混合物来制备纤维增强沥青混凝土。利用CT扫描仪器得到沥青混凝土试件断面图，利用MATLAB进行图像处理获得纤维边界明显的易于统计与分析的图像，并利用IPP进行统计分析，最后使用EXCEL整理数据并绘制数据图像。分析发现，钢纤维在掺有较少量（0.4%）的沥青混合料试件明显在整体上比掺有1.0%钢纤维试件分布得更均匀，但在试件内部分布并不能体现出明显的规律性。要想获得纤维增强沥青混凝土材料，应在满足性能提升要求的基础上适当减少纤维的掺入量。

关键词：沥青混合料，钢纤维，钢纤维分布，CT扫描，图像处理

DISTRIBUTION RESEARCH OF STEEL FIBER IN FIBER REINFORCED ASPHALT CONCRETE BASED ON CT IMAGE ANALYSIS

Abstract

In highway construction, the proportion of asphalt concrete pavement is extremely high. However, the asphalt concrete pavement is susceptible to the surrounding environment and the daily traffic load, resulting in a series of damage, such as cracks. Currently, an acceptable method to improve the performance of asphalt mixture is to add a small amount of fibers into the mixture. The fibers in the asphalt mixture play a role of reinforcement. While, the effect of fiber reinforced asphalt mixture depends on the distribution situation of fibers. The unevenly distribution will not significantly improve the effect of performance. In this study, we choose the steel fibers which have relatively high tensile strength and flexibility and relatively low cost, putting 0.4% and 1.0% (quality fraction) of the steel fibers respectively in the same graded asphalt concrete mixtures. X-ray CT scan equipment is used to obtain sectional views of these asphalt concrete specimens. Then, before being analysised by IPP, using MATLAB to obtain pictures which have obvious boundaries of fibers, which is much easier to statistical analysis. Finally, operating EXCEL to organize data and get data images. In conclusion, the specimens doped a minor amount of steel fibers (0.4%) is more evenly distributed than the 1.0% one. Moreover, the distribution in the specimens does not reflect the significant regularity. As a result, on the basis of meeting the performance requirements, we should appropriately reduce the incorporation of fibers to get the fiber reinforced asphalt concrete material.

KEY WORDS: Asphalt, steel fiber, distribution, CT scanning, image processing

目 录

摘要………………………………………………………………………………………………………... I

第一章 绪论…………………………………………………………………………………………….…1

1.1研究背景…………………………………………………………………………………………….1

1.2国内外研究现状.……………………………………………………………………………………2

1.2.1CT扫描技术方面………………………………………………………….…………………2

1.2.2在材料中掺入纤维方面..……………………………………………………………………2

1.3进一步研究的必要性……………………………………………………………………………….3

1.4论文主要研究内容及技术路线.……………………………………………………………………3

第二章 试验原材料及试验方法.…………………………………………………………………………5

2.1原材料.………………………………………………………………………………………………5

2.2 试验样品的制备……………………………………………………………………………………6

2.3 图像分析方法………………………………………………………………………………………6

2.3.1图像采集..……………………………………………………………………………………6

2.3.2 CT技术介绍…………………………………………………………………………………7

2.3.2-1X线…..………………………………………………………………………………7

2.3.2-2CT技术 ………………………………………………………………………………7

2.3.3 MATLAB图像处理………………………………………………………………………….8

2.3.3-1图像预处理………………………………………………………………………….9

2.3.3-2图像阈值分割和图像提取…………………………………………………………10

2.3.4利用IPP对图像进行钢纤维分布统计……………………………………………………..13

第三章 数据处理及分析…………………………………………………………………………………15

第四章 结论与展望………………………………………………………………………………………19

4.1 结论………………………………………………………………………………………………...19

4.2 展望………………………………………………………………………………………………...19

致谢………………………………………………………………………………………………………..20

参考文献………………………………………………………………………………………………….21

第一章 绪 论

1.1研究背景

公路对于促进社会发展、振兴国民经济具有深刻意义。俗话说“要想富，先修路”，可见，公路建设水平是反映国家经济水平和现代化发展水平的标志之一。随着人民生活水平的显著提升和科学技术的不断发展，人们对公共基础建设的要求也愈来愈高。截至2014，我国的公路通车总里程达到446.39万公里。其中，高速公路的总里程达11.19万公里^[3]。

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