论文总字数:23021字
摘 要
共振密实法是一项在近几十年发展起来的新型加固技术,它是一种利用机械振动棒在土体中上下振动和水平挤压而引起土体产生共振的技术。由于振动的原因,土体的结构会逐渐的破坏,孔隙水压力也会随之上升,土颗粒从高势能向低势能运移,从而达到加固土体的效果。本文以国家自然科学基金项目(项目编号: 41372308)为依托,针对可液化土体(粉土、砂土),基于共振密实法,对十字振动翼共振法处理可液化地基的密实机理进行了系统的探究。取得了以下主要研究成果:
(1)通过十字振动翼处理可液化地基的室内模型试验,探究了土体的能量传递规律、颗粒运移规律及其应力条件变化。结果表明:基于共振密实法,十字振动翼能在可液化地基上取得不错的效果,无论是粉土还是砂土,密实性都可以提升1倍及以上,振动杆将能量以振动的形式传递给土体,并且土颗粒随着振动的同时,向着较疏松的位置运动,孔隙水压力随着振杆向下时增加,上升时降低。
(2)通过使用PFC3D模拟软件,模拟了在共振密实的过程中土颗粒的运动变化以及受力变化,揭示共振频率作用下导致土颗粒重新排列和密实的机理。结果表明:在共振密实过程中,土颗粒之间会既存在拉力,也存在压力,并且上部以拉力为主,下部以压力为主,同时,土颗粒会先随着振动杆向下和左右挤压,在振动杆移除后会迅速密实振杆形成的通道,最终达到振动点的密实度最大的提升。
关键词:共振密实法;液化;十字振动翼;模型试验;机理;颗粒流
Abstract
The resonance compaction is a new technique developed in recent decades. It is a technique that uses the mechanical vibration rod to cause the resonance of the soil body in the upper and lower vibrations of the soil mass. Due to vibration, the structure of the soil will be gradually destroyed, and the pore water pressure will be increased, and the soil particles will be migrated from the high potential energy to the low potential energy, so as to achieve the effect of strengthening the soil. This paper by the National Natural Science Fund Project (project number: 41372308) relying on, for liquefied soil , based on resonance compacting method, the cross vibration wing resonance method processing can be liquefied foundation compacting mechanism of the inquiry system. The following main results were obtained: Vibration bar will be energy in the form of vibration to the soil, and the soil particles with the vibration at the same time, toward a more loose position movement, the gap water pressure with the vibration rod down when the increase, the rise of lower.
(1) The indoor model test of the liquefied foundation can be carried out by the cross vibration wing, and the energy transfer rule, the rule of the particle movement and the change of the stress condition of the soil body are explored. The results show that: based on the resonance compaction method, the cross vibration wing can achieve good results on the ground, whether it is silt or sand, the density can be increased by 1 times and above.
(2) By using PFC3D software simulation to simulate the resonance compacting process of the particle movement and force changes, reveal the resonance frequency leads to soil particles rearrange and compacting mechanism. The results showed that in resonance compacting process, between the soil particles will there are both the tension, there are pressures, and in the upper part of the pull based, to the lower part of the main pressure. At the same time, soil particles will first with the vibration rod downward and extrusion and vibration rod removed will rapidly dense vibration rod is formed with a channel, to reach the final of the vibration compacting the maximum degree of improvement.
Key words: resonance compaction method; liquefaction; cross vibration wing; model test; mechanism; particle flow.
目 录
第一章绪论 1
1.1研究背景 1
1.2国内外研究现状 2
1.3共振法处理可液化地基原理 5
1.3.1共振法的加固机理 5
1.3.2共振法的适用范围 6
第二章研究意义与技术方案 8
2.1研究意义 8
2.2技术路线 9
第三章研究内容和方案 10
3.1模型试验目的 10
3.2模型试验内容 10
3.3模型试验方案 11
3.3.1模型试验装置 11
3.3.2工况一 12
3.3.3工况二 16
第四章试验成果 18
4.1密实性变化 18
4.1.1轻型动力触探试验 18
4.1.2密实度 19
4.2颗粒运移规律 21
4.3应力条件变化 27
4.4沉降规律 29
4.5本章小结 29
第五章共振法数值模拟 30
5.1 PFC3D模拟软件介绍 30
5.2模拟内容与结果 30
5.2.1数值模拟内容 30
5.2.2数值模拟结果 31
5.3本章小结 38
第六章结论与建议 39
6.1主要结论 39
6.2本文的创新点 39
6.3存在问题及展望 40
致谢 41
参考文献 42
第一章绪论
1.1研究背景
我国是一个地大物博、幅员辽阔的国家,地质环境相当复杂,因此对于地基处理的要求也十分严格。特别是对于粉土、细砂等可液化地基的处理,如果稍有不慎,由于地震等振动就会导致地基失效,出现液化的现象,这对于建筑物、道路建设等都是毁灭性的打击,因此,找到一项适用于我国并且能够处理好可液化地基的工法是一件具有重大意义的事情。
在近几十年,随着工程技术的发展,处理可液化地基的方法逐渐成熟,比如碎石桩法、强夯法、振冲法[2]等,并且这些方法在我国及各国都取得的一定的效果。但是没有一种处理可液化地基的方法是毫无缺陷的,在存在优点的同时,这些技术也会存在一些缺点,比如污染环境,工程量巨大,造价费用高等。此时共振密实法出现了,尽管它也会存在不能适用的领域,但是它在以上提到的这些方面都存在着优越性,可以说共振密实法[1]在我国今后的工程上会有更多的应用。
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