论文总字数：31207字

摘 要

本文采用光固化3D打印技术，提出并实施了两种制备超高延性水泥基超材料的思路。第一个思路是设计一种基于细菌、海胆、苍耳等表面结构的仿生3D打印骨料，通过骨料表面倒钩结构之间的相互作用，以及其与基体间的连接提高水泥基材料的延性；第二个思路是设计基于不同结构单元的三维拓扑结构，这类结构在受到拉应力时会发生变形吸收能量，脱离水泥基材料的过程中还会进行拔出吸能过程，提高水泥基材料的延性。针对这两个思路，首先研究硬化光敏树脂的各项基本性能；设计并制备了3D打印树脂骨料与骨架，研究其力学性能与破坏过程；设计并制备了3D打印树脂骨料混凝土与骨架混凝土，研究其力学性能、骨料与骨架的空间分布以及孔隙率。

结果表明，以聚丙烯酸基树脂单体为原料制备的骨料和骨架，质量轻，强度较高，吸水率极低，与水泥基体有着较好的界面粘结性，而且在碱性环境中具有很好的耐久性，可以满足混凝土对骨料的各项要求。3D打印树脂骨料混凝土在压力荷载下，相对于普通混凝土最大应变明显提升，应力-应变曲线下降段变得平缓，曲线包围的面积更大，可以在形变过程中可以吸收更多能量。3D打印树脂骨架混凝土的抗拉应力-应变曲线呈现多锯齿逐渐上升的形状，极限应变增大，表现出延性断裂方式。

关键词：光固化3D打印；树脂骨料；骨架；延性

ABSTRACT

In this paper, resin aggregates and skeletons were prepared by photocuring 3D printing technology, and they were composited with cement-based materials. Two kinds of preparation methods were used to obtain cement-based metamaterials with ultra-high ductility. The first is to design an aggregate based on the biomimetic structure of Xanthium, to improve the ductility of the cement-based material through the mutual hooking between the aggregates and the connection between the aggregate and the matrix; the second is to prepare a skeleton with a certain ductility and a cement base. The materials combine to form a complementary structure similar to reinforced concrete to improve the ductility of cement-based materials. The basic properties of the hardened photosensitive resin were studied for two different preparation methods. The 3D printed resin aggregate concrete was designed and prepared to study the compressive stress-strain curve. The 3D printed resin skeleton concrete was designed and prepared. It is tensile stress-strain curve was studied.

The results show that the aggregate and skeleton prepared by using polyacrylic resin as raw material have light weight, high strength, low water absorption, good interfacial adhesion with cement matrix, and very good in alkaline environment. Good durability can be used as a concrete aggregate. Under the pressure load, the 3D printed resin aggregate concrete has a significant increase in the maximum strain compared with the ordinary concrete, the compressive strength decreases, the down-slope of the stress-strain curve becomes gentle, and the area enclosed by the curve is larger, which can be deformed during the deformation process. Absorb more energy. The tensile stress-strain curve of the 3D printed resin skeleton concrete exhibits a multi-sawed shape that gradually rises, and the ultimate strain increases, showing a ductile fracture mode.

KEY WORDS: Light curing 3D printing; Resin aggregate; skeleton; Ductility

目 录

摘要 I

ABSTRACT II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1研究背景与意义 1

1.2高延性水泥基材料研究现状 1

1.3 3D打印技术的研究现状 2

1.3.13D打印技术的发展现状 3

1.3.2光固化树脂材料 4

1.4本文主要研究内容 5

第二章 实验方案设计 7

2.1实验原材料与设备 7

2.2实验设计 9

2.2.1实验组别设计 9

2.2.2 DLP光固化3D打印流程 11

2.3性能测试 12

2.3.13D打印树脂骨料密度和吸水率测试 12

2.3.2 X射线计算机断层摄影扫描（X-CT） 12

2.3.3场发射扫描电子显微镜（SEM） 13

2.3.4抗压强度测试 13

2.3.5抗拉强度测试 13

2.4本章小结 13

第三章 光固化3D打印用光敏树脂性能研究 14

3.1硬化光敏树脂的力学性能 14

3.1.1 抗压性能 14

3.1.2 抗拉性能 15

3.2硬化光敏树脂在碱溶液中的耐久性 17

3.3本章小结 20

第四章 光固化3D打印树脂骨料混凝土 21

4.1光固化3D打印树脂骨料 21

4.1.1 3D打印树脂骨料的模型设计与制备 21

4.1.2 3D打印树脂骨料的基本性能 22

4.2光固化3D打印树脂骨料混凝土 23

4.2.1 抗压性能 23

4.2.2 骨料分布和孔隙分析 24

4.2.3 界面粘结性分析 25

4.3本章小结 26

第五章 光固化3D打印树脂骨架混凝土 28

5.1光固化3D打印树脂骨架 28

5.1.1 3D打印树脂骨架的模型设计与制备 28

5.1.2 3D打印树脂骨架的抗压性能 30

5.2光固化3D打印树脂骨架混凝土CT分析 31

5.3光固化3D打印树脂骨架混凝土的抗拉性能 32

5.3本章小结 33

第六章 结论与展望 34

参考文献 35

致 谢 37

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