清水混凝土预制墙板样板制备工艺的研究

 2022-03-15 08:03

论文总字数:24853字

摘 要

装配式建筑是建筑工业化的大趋势,预制装配式混凝土构件则是装配式建筑的物质基础。

节能环保则是建筑的重要发展方向,中国建筑传统外墙装饰的方法是材料外墙幕墙、外墙瓷砖和涂料等,既不环保又增加施工费用,而国外大部分建筑均采用清水混凝土为外墙立面装饰。因此,发展预制装配式清水混凝土墙板有重要意义。装饰混凝土以其独特的纹理、质感、色彩赋予建筑物不同的风格,也常用于建筑外墙装饰。除夹心保温墙板外,目前尚未见有其它装配式墙板可以实现结构自保温。而关于装配式自保温墙板的标准刚刚颁布,其技术仍然不够成熟,需要根据具体原材料和工艺条件进行试验研究。

本文采用控制变量的方法测试了水胶比、胶凝材料用量、砂率、脱模剂种类、模板种类对清水混凝土外观质量的影响,试验采用image-Pro图像分析法客观评价了清水混凝土的表面孔洞面积和色差程度;研究结果表明,在本文实验条件下,清水混凝土表观质量最优的配比为水胶比0.42,胶凝材料掺量为457.5kg/m3,砂率为37%,脱模剂选用奥斯乐水性脱模剂,模板选用钢模板。

本文采用控制变量的方法测试了脱模剂种类,模板处理对装饰清水混凝土外观质量的影响,分析了装饰清水混凝土表面的色差、起粉现象,研究结果表明,在本文实验条件下,装饰混凝土墙板样板采用油性脱模剂可以明显减少色差、起粉现象,模板浸水能减少色差。

本文成型了装饰混凝土夹心保温板,选用配合比为0.4水胶比,胶凝材料用量为437kg/m3,砂率为40%,符合(JGJ 169-2009)《清水混凝土应用技术规程》、DG/TJ 08-2158-2015《预制混凝土夹心保温外墙板应用技术规程》。

关键词:清水混凝土、夹心保温板、影响因素、外观质量、装饰混凝土

ABSTRCT

Prefabricated building is the general trend of building industrialization, and prefabricated concrete components are the material basis of prefabricated building. Energy conservation and environmental protection is an important development direction of architecture. The traditional external wall decoration method of Chinese architecture is to use materials such as external curtain wall, tiles and coatings, which are not environmentally friendly and increase construction costs, however, most foreign buildings are decorated with fair-faced concrete. Therefore, it is important to develop precast fair-faced concrete wallboard. Decorative concrete endows buildings with different styles with its unique texture, texture and color. In addition to sandwich insulation wallboard, there is no other prefabricated wallboard can achieve self-insulation structure. However, the standard of prefabricated self-insulation wallboard has just been promulgated, and its technology is still not mature enough, which needs to be tested and studied according to specific raw materials and technological conditions.

In this paper, the influence of water-cement ratio, cementing material content, sand rate, type of mold release agent and type of template on the appearance quality of fair-faced concrete ,the surface cavity area and color difference degree of fair-faced concrete were objectively evaluated by image-pro image analysis method. The results show that under the experimental conditions in this paper, the optimal ratio of apparent quality of fair-water concrete is 0.42, the cementing material content is 457.5kg/m3, and the sand rate is 37%.

In this paper, the effects of mold release agent and template treatment on appearance quality of decorative fair-faced concrete were tested by means of control variables, analyzed the phenomenon of off color,the powder. The results show that under the experimental conditions in this paper, the use of oil demodulating agent can significantly reduce the color difference and powder phenomenon of decorative concrete wallboard template, and the immersion of template can reduce the color difference.

In this paper, decorative concrete sandwich insulation board was formed, with a mix ratio of 0.4 water-binder ratio, cementing material consumption of 437kg/m3 and sand rate of 40%, which was in accordance with (JGJ 169-2009) technical specification for application of clean concrete and DG/TJ 08-2158-2015 technical specification for application of precast concrete sandwich insulation wall board.

KEY WORDS: fair-faced concrete, sandwich insulation board, influencing factors, appearance quality, decorative concrete

目 录

摘 要 I

ABSTRCT II

目 录 1

第一章 绪论 1

1.1研究背景 1

1.2国内外研究现状 1

1.2.1 国内现状 1

1.2.2国外现状 2

1.2.3 清水混凝土夹心保温板优势 2

1.2.4 存在的问题 3

1.3研究目的与研究内容 7

1.3.1 研究目的 7

1.3.2 研究内容 7

1.3.3研究方案 7

第二章 原材料与试验方法 9

2.1试验原材料 9

2.2 试验方法 9

2.2.1新拌混凝土性能试验 9

2.2.2力学性能试验 10

2.2.3表面质量测试 10

2.3配合比设计 10

第三章 清水混凝土外观质量研究 12

3.1 水胶比对清水混凝土外观质量的影响 12

3.2 胶凝材料量对清水混凝土外观质量的影响 13

3.3砂率对清水混凝土外观质量的影响 14

3.4脱模剂对清水混凝土外观质量的影响 15

3.5 模板对清水混凝土外观质量的影响 16

3.6 石子分布对清水混凝土外观质量的影响 17

3.7 冬季施工水胶比优化 17

3.8 本章小结 18

第四章 装饰混凝土的外观质量研究 20

4.1 装饰混凝土制备工艺的优化 20

4.2试验结果与分析 20

4.2.1模具的处理 20

4.2.2脱模剂的选择 21

4.3本章小结 22

第五章 夹心保温板样板研究 23

5.1结果与分析 23

5.2本章小结 23

第六章 结论与展望 25

6.1结论 25

6.2展望 25

参考文献 27

致 谢 30

  1. 绪论

1.1研究背景

装配式建筑是建筑工业化的大趋势,预制装配式混凝土构件则是装配式建筑的物质基础。节能环保则是建筑的重要发展方向,中国建筑传统外墙装饰的方法是材料外墙幕墙、外墙瓷砖和涂料等,既不环保有增加施工费用。而国外大部分建筑均采用清水混凝土为外墙立面装饰。因此,发展预制装配式清水混凝土墙板有重要意义。人们对艺术的追求一直是多种多样的,普通清水混凝土能体现建筑素雅,稳重的特点;而一些建筑师追求的是建筑的特色,他们将建筑用不同颜色的混凝土进行搭配,吸引眼球,或是采用特殊纹理、质感的混凝土以搭配建筑的功能。因此装饰清水混凝土也一直是建筑材料研究的热点。

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