大型列管式GGH优化设计

论文总字数：25485字

摘 要

换热器作为工业生产中重要的而且是不可或缺的核心部分，换热器性能的好坏会直接或者间接影响到生产效率。而普通的金属换热器就会存在腐蚀维修等问题。列管式换热器是最常用在工业生产中的一种换热器，它的结构比较简单，造价也便宜。本文研究的氟塑料换热器是一种耐腐蚀，抗积灰的新型换热器设备，可以广泛的用于何种复杂且恶劣的工作环境中。

在经过了对换热器初始条件的分析和对换热器原理的了解，并在之后的一系列对换热器的计算中，计算出了换热器表面传热系数hi和流动阻力P，还有管束的总数，并保持换热量不变的情况下。再通过了换热器管束排列方式的优化处理，对计算的结果进行分析和对管间距比进行调整，对换热器管束布置的方式进行了分类和图表分析。进行了调整管间距和管排数，使烟气换热量等于原烟气换热量为一个定值。在计算过程中发现换热器的阻力和管间距对换热器的经济性是成正比的，就需要分别计算换热器的阻力和换热器在不同管间距下的PEC，PEC是性能评价准则。再分别分析换热器经济性和管间距变换不同的阻力制成表格清晰的表现出来，最后结合在一起进行分析比较。

最后发现换热器的管间距对换热器阻力的影响与管间距对换热器经济性的影响成正比。当换热器的经济性越高它的阻力也就越大，压降过大会导致整个系统阻力会超出风机的最大限度，会对整个系统的安全造成各种影响，严重还会发生事故。所以虽然对换热器的经济有着很高的要求，经济性越高越好。但是也要考虑到换热器的压降大小，压降过大对设备和人身安全都有着重大的安全隐患。所以既不能让经济性低了也不能让压降太大就需要取到中间一个合理的值，就需要进一步的进行优化处理。把不同情况下管间距对阻力的影响图结合在一起观察，在经济性比较高的情况下选取管间距对阻力影响图中阻力较小的那一部分做为优化部分。

关键词：GGH，换热器，优化，氟塑料，经济性，压降

Abstract

Heat exchangers are an important part of the core of industrial production and are indispensable. The performance of heat exchangers can directly or indirectly affect production efficiency. Ordinary metal heat exchangers will have problems such as corrosion and maintenance. The fluoroplastic heat exchanger studied in this paper is a new heat exchanger device with corrosion resistance and anti-ashing, which can be widely used in complex and harsh working environments.

After the analysis of the initial conditions of the heat exchanger and the understanding of the heat exchanger, and after the calculation of a series of heat exchangers, the heat transfer coefficient hi of the heat exchanger surface, and the flow resistance P are calculated. There is a total number of tube bundles and the heat exchange amount is kept within the same error range. Then through the optimization of the heat exchanger, the calculation results are analyzed and adjusted, and the way of heat exchanger tube bundle arrangement is classified and calculated. The adjustment of the pipe spacing and the number of pipe rows were carried out to control the error value of the heat exchange amount between the flue gas and the original flue gas within a certain range. In the calculation process, it is found that the resistance and economy of the heat exchanger are inversely proportional. It is necessary to calculate the resistance of the heat exchanger and the economics of the heat exchanger separately, and then analyze the economics and resistance separately to make a clear expression. Finally combined for analysis and comparison GGH, heat exchanger, optimization, fluoroplastic, economy, pressure drop

Finally, it is found that the influence of the tube spacing of the heat exchanger on the economics of the heat exchanger is proportional to the influence of the pipe spacing on the economics of the heat exchanger. When the economy of the heat exchanger is higher, the resistance is greater. If the pressure drop is too large, the whole system resistance will exceed the maximum of the fan, which will have various effects on the safety of the whole system, and serious accidents will occur. Therefore, although the economy of the heat exchanger has high requirements, the higher the economy, the better. However, the pressure drop of the heat exchanger must also be taken into consideration. The excessive pressure drop has significant safety hazards to equipment and personal safety. Therefore, it is not necessary to make the economy low or to make the pressure drop too large. It is necessary to obtain a reasonable value in the middle, and further optimization is needed. Combining the influences of the pipe spacing on the resistance under different conditions, the part with the smaller resistance in the influence of the pipe spacing on the resistance is selected as the optimization part in the case of relatively high economic efficiency.

KEY WORDS:GGH, heat exchanger, optimization, fluoroplastic, economy, pressure drop

目录

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 课题研究背景及意义 1

1.2市场调研 2

1.2 国内外应用及研究现状 3

1.2.1 应用现状 3

1.2.2 研究现状 4

1.2.3 本文主要研究内容 6

第二章 列管式GGH换热器的计算 7

2.1 氟塑料GGH换热器的介绍 7

2.2 管内表面换热系数的计算 7

2.2.1 初始条件 7

2.2.3 换热面积的计算 8

2.2.4 平均速度的计算 8

2.2.5 雷诺数的计算 8

2.2.6 努塞尔数Nu的计算 9

2.2.7 管外表面换热系数的计算 9

2.3 管外表面换热系数的计算 10

2.3.1 质量流量和截面积的计算 10

2.3.2 最窄处流速的计算 10

2.3.3 管内雷诺数的计算 10

2.3.4 管外努塞尔数的计算 11

2.3.5 管外的表面换热系数的计算 11

2.4 换热量的计算 11

2.4.1 修正系数的计算 11

2.4.2 最小温度的计算 12

2.4.3 管外换热面积的计算 12

2.4.4 换热量的计算 13

2.4.5 原换热量的计算并做误差分析 13

2.5 换热器阻力计算 14

2.5.1 管内阻力计算 14

2.5.2 管外阻力计算 14

2.6 本章总结 15

第三章 列管式GGH的结构的优化设计 16

3.1 换热器参数优化的意义 16

3.2 换热器管束布置方式的优化设计 16

3.2.1 换热器管排数的选择条件 16

3.2.2 换热器管束对换热器的影响 17

3.2.3 换热器的分析 19

3.3 本章总结 20

第四章 管间距比对换热器压降的分析 22

4.1 不同管间距下阻力的计算 22

4.2 管束布置方式的分析 22

4.3 本章总结 24

第五章 总结 26

参考文献： 27

致 谢 28

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