论文总字数：30409字

摘 要

透明超疏水表面因其同时具有超疏水性能和透明性而被广泛运用在建筑玻璃、汽车玻璃、手机玻璃盖板、光学等领域。其优良的自清洁性、抗反射性和防雾等特性体现出透明超疏水表面的应用价值。

本论文针对运用于手机玻璃盖板上的透明超疏水表面，研究了透明超疏水表面的制备工艺及其性能。设计了两种制备透明超疏水表面粗糙结构的方法，并对涂覆的低表面能物质进行了耐磨性的测试。本文运用了简单的一步热碱刻蚀法和反应离子刻蚀这两种方法制备了透明玻璃表面的纳米粗糙结构。在95℃条件下，7g/L浓度NaOH刻蚀6小时热所得样品最大接触角达到148°，但是透明性下降明显，耐磨性较差。而反应离子刻蚀法得到样品纳米粗糙结构的表面形貌非常规整，透明性非常好，具有良好的防指纹特性，接触角大小在143°左右。本文还对需要涂覆的多种氟硅烷和多种氟化方式进行了耐磨性的测试，得出效果最好的是晟通氟硅烷通过喷涂法氟化，在钢丝绒摩擦5000次之后，接触角仍然能够达到90°以上。

热碱法刻蚀使用NaOH溶液进行刻蚀，OH^-离子与SiO₂发生反应，能够得到表面网状结构。反应离子刻蚀法是先在玻璃表面镀铜或金，退火后铜膜或金膜聚集收缩形成纳米掩膜，在此基础上进行反应离子刻蚀得到了纳米柱状结构。两种方法都能有效地构筑出纳米粗糙结构。

关键词：超疏水；透明；耐磨；防指纹

Study on the technology of transparent, superhydrophobic and anti-fingerprint surface

Abstract

Transparent superhydrophobic surface has been widely used in building glass, automobile glass, mobile phone, optics and many other fields because of its superhydrophobic properties and transparency. Its excellent self-cleaning, anti-reflection and anti-fogging characteristics reflect the application value of transparent superhydrophobic surface.

In this paper, we investigate the preparation process and properties of transparent superhydrophobic surface applied to mobile phone glass cover plate.Two methods for preparing transparent superhydrophobic surface rough structure were designed, and the abrasion resistance of coated low surface energy material was tested. In this paper, the transparent glass surface rough nanostructure was prepared by hot alkali etching and reactive ion etching. Under the condition of 95 ℃,7g/L concentration etching 6 hours, the maximum contact angle of the sample was 148°. However, the transparency decreased obviously and the wear resistance was poor. The surface nanostructure of the sample obtained by reactive ion etching is very regular. The transparency is very good, and the contact angle can reach 143°. Also, the wear resistance test of various types of fluoroalkylsilane and various fluorination methods shows that the best fluorination method is spraying method with Sheng Tong fluoroalkylsilane, after friction 5000 times in the steel wool, the contact angle can reach 90 ° above still.

The hot alkaline etching uses NaOH solution to etch, and the OH^- ions react with SiO2 to create the surface network structure. The nano crystalline structure is obtained by reactive ion etching.Firstly, the glass is plated by copper or gold and then the copper film or gold film forms a nano mask after anneal. Reactive ion etching was carried out on this basis. These two methods can both construct the nanostructure effectively.

Keywords: superhydrophobic, transparent, wear-resisting, anti-fingerprints

目 录

摘要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1引言 1

1.2透明超疏水表面实现的理论基础 3

1.2.1固体表面润湿性理论基础 3

1.2.2超疏水表面的构筑 3

1.2.3影响透明超疏水表面的因素 4

1.3透明超疏水表面研究进展 4

1.4目前存在主要问题 7

1.5研究目的和研究内容 8

1.5.1研究目的 8

1.5.2研究内容 8

第二章 化学刻蚀法制备透明超疏水表面 9

2.1实验材料与仪器 9

2.2制备工艺 9

2.3实验表面表征 11

2.3.1润湿性测量 11

2.3.2 SEM表面形貌观察 15

2.3.3透明性表征 17

2.3.4耐摩擦性测试 20

2.4实验结果与讨论 21

第三章 反应离子刻蚀法制备透明超疏水表面 23

3.1实验材料与仪器 23

3.2制备工艺 24

3.3实验表面表征 27

3.3.1润湿性测量 27

3.3.2 SEM表面形貌观察 29

3.3.3原子力显微镜表征 30

3.3.4透明性表征 32

3.3.5防指纹测试 33

3.4实验结果与讨论 34

第四章 用于表面氟化的氟硅烷耐磨性研究 35

4.1实验材料与仪器 35

4.2实验方案与结果 35

4.3实验结果讨论 40

第五章 结论 41

致谢 42

参考文献 43

第一章 绪论

1.1引言

玻璃制品在实际生活中被广泛应用，但是其表面的清洁一直困扰着人们。由于玻璃的透明性极好，一点点灰尘污渍都能很明显地看到。比如建筑玻璃外墙容易沾灰不易清洗，手表、手机玻璃面板指纹残留不容易去除等等，而超疏水表面的自清洁性能有望成为解决困难的好方法。

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