论文总字数:25842字
摘 要
为了解决全球性的能源危机,人们不断发展可再生能源。热电材料由于其本身具有将废热转化成电能的能力,引起了人们的极大关注。而在热电材料中,层状热电材料备受瞩目。
课题所研究的Bi基层状化合物包括Bi2Se3和Bi2O2Se两种材料。通过在Bi2Se3范德瓦尔斯层间加入金属Ni(Bi2Se3 xNi(x=0,0.01,0.015,0.02))和氧化物CeO2(Bi2Se3 xCeO2(x=0,0.02,0.04,0.06)),提高了Bi2Se3的热电性能。例如,加入Ni以后,虽然功率因子下降了(在575K下,Bi2Se3的PF值为8.21uW/cmK2,Bi2Se3 0.02Ni的PF值为7.93uW/cmK2),但是热导率的大幅下降(在575K下,Bi2Se3和Bi2Se3 0.02Ni的热导率分别为0.78W/mK、0.59W/mK),使得最终Bi2Se3的ZT提高了27.1%。加入CeO2之后, 功率因子下降(在575K下,Bi2Se3 0.02CeO2的PF值为7.24uW/cmK2),但热导率也下降(在575K下,Bi2Se3 0.02CeO2的热导率为0.54W/mK),使得最终Bi2Se3的ZT提高了27.8%。
Bi2O2Se 的晶体结构为体心四方晶格,层状结构由绝缘层[Bi2O2]2 和导电层[Se]2-交替堆叠而成。通过SPS烧结和无压烧结两种方法制备出Bi2-δO2Se(δ=0,0.1,0.2)的块体材料。结果表明无压烧结对于Bi2-δO2Se来说是一种更加有效的烧结方式,引入Bi缺陷是提高Seebeck系数和功率因子的有效途径。
关键词:热电性能,Bi基层状热电材料,掺杂,本征缺陷
Abstract
In order to solve the global energy crisis, people continue to develop renewable energy. Thermoelectric materials have attracted great attention because of their ability to convert waste heat into electrical energy. Among thermoelectric materials, layered structure materials are attractive for thermoelectric application. Their main advantage is that electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity can be separated.
The Bi-based compounds studied in this paper include Bi2Se3 and Bi2O2Se. The thermoelectric properties of Bi2Se3 were improved by adding metal Ni (Bi2Se3 0.02Ni(x = 0, 0.01, 0.015, 0.02) )and oxide CeO2 (Bi2Se3 xCeO2 (x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06) )into the layers by van der Waals bonding of Bi2Se3. For example, although the power factor decreases (at 575K, the PF value of Bi2Se3 is 8.21uW/cmK2, the PF value of Bi2Se3 0.02Ni is 7.93uW/cmK2), the thermal conductivity decreasesmore (at 575K, the thermal conductivity of Bi2Se3 and Bi2Se3 0.02Ni is 0.78W/mK and 0.59W/mK, respectively), increasing the ZT of Bi2Se 3 by 27.1%. After adding CeO2, the power factor decreases (at 575K, the PF of Bi2Se 3 0.02 CeO2 is 7.24uW/cmK2), but the thermal conductivity also decreases (at 575K, the thermal conductivity of Bi2Se 3 0.02 CeO2 is 0.54W/mK), which increases the ZT of Bi2Se 3 by 27.8%.
The crystal structure of Bi2O2Se is a body-centered Tetragonal lattice. The layered structure is composed of insulating layer [Bi2O2]2 and conducting layer [Se]2-alternately stacked. Bi2-δO2Se (δ=0,0.1,0.2) bulk materials were prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS) and pressureless sintering respectively. The results show that pressureless sintering is a more effective sintering method for Bi2-δO2Se synthesisand Bi deficiency is an effective way to improve Seebeck coefficient and power factor.
Key words: Thermoelectric properties, Bi-based layered structure thermoelectric materials, doping, intrinsic defects
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
第一章 绪论 5
1.1热电效应概述 5
1.1.1热电效应及其应用 5
1.1.2热电参数的表征 6
1.2层状热电材料概述 7
1.3Bi基层状化合物的研究现状 9
1.3.1Bi2Se3的研究现状 9
1.3.2Bi2O2Se的研究现状 10
第二章 实验材料与方法 13
2.1实验原料 13
2.2实验元素配比 13
2.3Bi2Se3的制备 13
2.4Bi2O2Se的制备 13
2.5微观表征方法 14
2.5.1X射线衍射分析(XRD) 14
2.5.2扫描电子显微镜(SEM) 14
2.5.3热分析(DSC,TMA) 14
2.6热电性能测试 14
2.6.1Seebeck系数和电阻率的测量 14
2.6.2热导率的测量 15
2.7试验设备介绍 16
第三章 Ni的加入对Bi2Se3热电性能的影响 17
3.1实验方法 17
3.2结果与讨论 17
3.2.1微结构表征 17
3.2.2热电性能表征 18
3.3本章小结 22
第四章 CeO2的加入对Bi2Se3热电性能的影响 23
4.1实验方法 23
4.2结果与讨论 23
4.2.1微结构表征 23
4.2.2热电性能表征 24
4.3本章小结 27
第五章 Bi2-δO2Se块体的烧结探讨以及热电性能 28
5.1实验方法 28
5.2烧结工艺探讨 28
5.3Bi的本征缺陷对热电输运性质的影响 32
5.4本章小结 34
第六章 总结 35
参考文献 36
致 谢 38
- 绪论
1.1热电效应概述
1.1.1热电效应及其应用
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