论文总字数:31412字
摘 要
CsPb2Br5是一种三元卤化铅类钙钛矿材料,由于其非传统的二维结构,被广泛地应用于光电领域。在近几年的研究中,CsPb2Br5的纯粉末已经被制得并表征;但是直到最近,CsPb2Br5的晶体结构才被报道。尽管这些研究工作在CsPb2Br5的结构和组成上取得了一定的进展,但关于它们固有光学性质上存在很大分歧,目前这是一个具有争论性的课题。鉴于此,本文主要围绕CsPb2Br5的纯相块状单晶的生长、阳离子掺杂以及卤素交换展开研究。本文的创新点在于以下几点:
提出了基于热力学平衡生长条件,用液相法从浓氢溴酸中生长了出稳定性比较好、比较薄的CsPb2Br5块状单晶,并测量了CsPb2Br5块状单晶的吸收光谱、荧光光谱、XPS以及XRD数据。选用三组降温速率不同的方式制得CsPb2Br5单晶,研究了三组样品在高分辨透射电子显微镜和光学显微镜下所观察到的图像对比,确定了降温速率对CsPb2Br5块状单晶生长质量的影响。这为我们在CsPb2Br5单晶的制备实验中提供了宝贵的实验指导经验。
本文进行了CsPb2Br5单晶的Cl-卤素交换的实验,并对制备的CsPb2Cl5单晶做了吸收光谱及荧光光谱表征,同时与CsPb2Br5单晶对比以研究其性质上的改变。
最后,本文提出了CsPb2Br5单晶的Cu2 、Mn2 掺杂,通过在反应前向Pb源中加入Cu2 、Mn2 ,实现金属离子的掺杂。所得晶体的XPS和XRD数据证实Cu2 、Mn2 已经成功掺杂进了所得晶体中。这为本文后续对Cu2 、Mn2 掺杂机理以及Cu2 、Mn2 与Pb2 的摩尔比对其性质的影响的研究打下了基础,并为CsPb2Br5单晶在制成光电器件上提供了一个新的思路与方向。
关键词:CsPb2Br5单晶,类钙钛矿材料,Mn2 、Cu2 掺杂,卤素交换
Abstract
CsPb2Br5 is a ternary lead halide perovskite material. Because of its non-traditional two-dimensional structure, CsPb2Br5 has been widely used in the field of optoelectronics. In recent years, the pure powder of CsPb2Br5 has been prepared and characterized; until recently, the crystal structure of CsPb2Br5 has not been reported. Although these studies have reached agreement on the structure and composition of CsPb2Br5, there are great differences in their interpretation of its intrinsic optical properties, which is a controversial topic at present.
In view of this, this paper focuses on the growth, cation doping and halogen exchange of pure phase bulk single crystal CsPb2Br5. The innovation of this paper lies in the following points:
Based on thermodynamic equilibrium growth conditions, CsPb2Br5 bulk single crystals with good stability and thin thickness were grown from concentrated hydrobromic acid by liquid phase method. The absorption spectra, fluorescence spectra, XPS and XRD data of CsPb2Br5 bulk single crystals were measured.
The effect of cooling rate on the growth quality of CsPb2Br5 bulk single crystals was determined by comparing the images observed under high resolution transmission electron microscopy and optical microscopy with three groups of CsPb2Br5 single crystals with different cooling rates. This provides valuable experimental experience for the preparation of CsPb2Br5 single crystal.
In this paper, the experiment of Cl-halogen exchange of CsPb2Br5 single crystal was carried out. The prepared CsPb2Cl5 single crystal was characterized by absorption and fluorescence spectra. The properties of CsPb2Br5 single crystal were studied by comparing with CsPb2Br5 single crystal.
Finally, the doping of Cu2 , Mn2 in CsPb2Br5 single crystal was proposed for the first time. By adding Cu2 , Mn2 , the XPS and XRD data of the obtained crystal confirmed that Cu2 , Mn2 had been successfully doped into the obtained crystal. This lays a foundation for the further study on the doping mechanism of Cu2 , Mn2 and the influence of the molar ratio of Cu2 , Mn2 and Pb2 on their properties, and provides a new idea and direction for the preparation of CsPb2Br5 single crystal optoelectronic devices.
KEY WORDS: CsPb2Br5 single crystals,Perovskite-like materials,single crystals doped Mn2 、 Cu2 ,halogen-doped
目 录
摘 要 3
Abstract 4
第一章 绪论 1
1.1引言 1
1.2钙钛矿材料的概述 1
1.2.1单晶钙钛矿 2
1.2.3基于铯铅卤素的无机钙钛矿 6
1.3 本文的研究意义和主要研究内容 9
第二章 CsPb2Br5单晶的制备及体系掺杂实现 10
2.1引言 10
2.1实验试剂与测试仪器 10
2.1.1化学药剂 10
2.1.2测试仪器 11
2.2实验原理 11
2.2.1 实验中所用仪器原理 11
2.2.2 CsPb2Br5块状单晶生长的实验原理 11
2.3实验部分 14
2.3.1 CsPb2Br5块状单晶生长 14
2.3.2 CsPb2BrxCl5-x的制备与表征 18
2.3.3 CsPb2Br5块状单晶的Mn2 ,Cu2 掺杂部分 20
2.4本章小结 22
第三章 总结与展望 24
3.1总结 24
3.2展望 24
致 谢 26
参考文献 27
第一章 绪论
1.1引言
卤化钙钛矿型(ABX3 )由于其具有制备方法比较简便、发光性能优异、光电转换效率相对较高等优势,成为近几年兴起的新材料,也正因此在众多领域上具有很高的潜在应用价值。例如全无机纳米晶CsPbBr3和CsPbI3的发光效率分别可达到80%和90%以上[1-3],可用于LED;目前基于(CH3NH3)PbBr3 有机-无机杂化纳米晶的电池光电转换效率已达到21%。
而全无机钙钛矿(CsPbX3,X = Cl−, Br−, or I−)作为钙钛矿的一种,其更优的热稳定性以及光电性能使其成为光电材料中的一种新兴的材料。相对于其纳米晶等低维度材料来说,块体单晶将具备更优的光电性能和稳定性,然而目前对超大单晶的制备、光学和电学性能的系统研究仍较缺乏,限制了其在光电子器件领域的快速发展。
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