不同尺寸的荧光粉颗粒发光性能及对光谱下转换太阳能电池效率的影响研究

论文总字数：26088字

摘 要

太阳能是一种储量极大的可再生能源，也是地球上获取最直接、最普遍的清洁能源。在对其进行利用的众多手段之中，利用太阳能电池进行光电转换是应用最为广泛的方式之一。目前市场上主流的晶体硅太阳能电池对短波光子的利用率较低，给其光电转换效率带来负面影响，导致光伏发电成本较高。如何提高晶体硅太阳能电池的光电转换效率成为了人们关注的重点。

下转换材料可以将一个高能量的短波光子转换为一个或多个低能量的长波光子，提高晶体硅太阳能电池对紫外光和蓝光的利用率，同时也是一种提高晶体硅太阳能电池光电转换效率的有效手段。

本文选用一种掺铕的红色荧光粉作为光谱下转换材料，它可以吸收波长在350-500nm范围内的光子，发射波长在550-700nm范围内的光子。实验先根据颗粒尺寸对其进行了分类，接着对不同尺寸的掺铕红色荧光粉颗粒的发光性能进行了测定，结果表明，尺寸在8-20范围内的荧光粉颗粒尺寸越大，发光性能也越好。

实验还将不同尺寸的掺铕红色荧光粉颗粒通过丝网印刷的方式应用于单晶硅太阳能电池表面，并将其与石英玻璃和EVA胶膜一同进行了封装。实验结果显示，为电池光电转换效率带来最明显提升的是颗粒尺寸处于10-15范围内的掺铕红色荧光粉颗粒，其次是颗粒尺寸处于15-20的荧光粉颗粒，三组中尺寸最小的8-10荧光粉颗粒对单晶硅太阳能电池的光电转换效率提升幅度最小。

关键词：太阳能电池，下转换，光电转换效率，荧光粉颗粒

Abstract

Solar energy is a kind of renewable energy with great reserves, and it is also the most directly used and the most available clean energy on the earth. Among many ways of utilizing it, solar cells is one of the most widely adopted technologies. At present, the mainstream crystalline silicon solar cells on the market have poor response to short-wavelength photons and this limits their conversion efficiency, resulting in high photovoltaic power generation cost. The ways of improving the conversion efficiency of crystalline silicon solar cells has become the focus of attention.

The down-conversion materials can convert a short-wavelength photon with high energy into one or more long-wavelength photons with low energy, improving the utilization of ultraviolet and blue light in crystalline silicon solar cells. It provides an effective method of improving the conversion efficiency of crystalline silicon solar cells.

In this thesis, europium-doped red phosphors are selected as the down-conversion materials, which can absorb photons in the wavelength range of 350-500nm and emit light with the wavelength of 550-700nm. In the experiment, after separating the phosphor particles basing on their sizes, the luminescence of europium-doped red phosphor particles of different sizes was measured. The results showed that in the range of 8-20, the phosphor particles with larger sizes have better luminescence than those with smaller sizes.

The erbium-doped red phosphor particles with different sizes were applied onto the surface of single crystal silicon solar cells by screen printing, and they were packaged together with quartz glass and EVA film. The results of experiment showed that the best improvement in the conversion efficiency of the cells comes from the erbium-doped red phosphor particles with the particle size in the range of 10-15, followed by the phosphor particles with the particle size of 15-20. And the smallest ones of the three groups, the 8-10 phosphor particles, have the poorest improvement in the conversion efficiency of single crystal silicon solar cells.

KEY WORDS: solar cells, down conversion, conversion efficiency, phosphor particles

目 录

1. 绪论………………………………………………………………………………….…..1

1.1 我国太阳能产业发展现状……………………………………………………………..1

1.2 太阳能电池简介…………………………………………………………...…….……..1

1.3 光谱下转换发光材料简介…………………………………………………………..…2

1.4 光谱下转换发光材料应用于太阳能电池的研究现状……………………………..…3

1.5本文组织架构………………………………………………………………………...…5

1. 不同尺寸荧光粉颗粒的分离及其发光特性……………………………………….…..7

2.1 不同尺寸荧光粉颗粒的分离及其形貌…………………………………………..……7

2.2 不同尺寸荧光粉颗粒的发光特性…………………………………………………....10

2.2.1不同尺寸荧光分颗粒的激发光谱…………………………………………..…10

2.2.2不同尺寸荧光粉颗粒的发射光谱………………………………………..……11

2.3本章小结…………………………………………………………………………….…13

第三章 不同尺寸荧光粉颗粒对单晶硅太阳能电池性能的影响……………………….……14

3.1不同尺寸荧光粉颗粒应用于太阳能电池的实验………………………………….…14

3.1.1实验试剂与试验仪器………………………………………………………..…14

3.1.2实验步骤……………………………………………………………………..…15

3.2不同尺寸荧光粉颗粒对单晶硅太阳能电池转换效率的影响…………………….…18

3.2.1表面反射率………………………………………………………………..……18

3.2.2外量子效率…………………………………………………………………..…21

3.2.3光电转换效率………………………………………………………………..…23

3.3本章小结…………………………………………………………………………….…24

第四章 总结与展望……………………………………………………………………….……25

4.1本文工作内容总结………………………………………………………………….…25

4.2存在的问题与展望………………………………………………………………….…25

参考文献（References）……………………………………………………………...………27

致谢…………………………………………………………………………………………...…28

剩余内容已隐藏，请支付后下载全文，论文总字数：26088字