论文总字数：18056字

摘 要

近年来随着时代的进步和科学技术的发展，无线传感器网络（Wireless Sensor Network, WSN）作为新兴领域被社会所广泛关注。无线传感器网络是由具有大量无线通信功能的轻型设备组成，其具有廉价性，低成本，低功耗，自组织和分布式等特点，因此它被应用于森林环境监测，交通监控，医疗监护等多个领域中。其中定位技术是传感器网络的关键核心技术之一。

本论文围绕无线传感器网络中的非测距定位算法展开探究，主要针对由于实际环境因素使邻居节点对于信标节点接收的信号有较大误差提出解决方案，并针对所提出方案进行仿真，探究其可行性。

无线传感器网络定位技术主要由测距定位算法和非测距定位算法组成。其中测距算法相比于非测距算法具有很高的准确性，但要依赖于时间同步或对于硬件要求较高，不易于大规模实现。而非测距定位算法简单易实现的特点使其更具优势，但是由于该算法假设节点分布于理想区域内，忽略了实际环境种的复杂情况，会产生较大误差。本文中改进后的算法，经过仿真分析，可以降低误差，提高节点定位的准确性。

关键词：无线传感器网络;定位技术;非测距定位算法;邻居节点

Correcting neighbor nodes to suppress non-ranging positioning error of wireless sensor networks

Abstract

In recent years, with the progress of the times and the development of science and technology, Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) has been widely concerned by the society as an emerging field. The wireless sensor network is composed of a light-weight device with a large number of wireless communication functions. It has the characteristics of low cost, low cost, low power consumption, self-organization and distributed, so it is applied to forest environment monitoring, traffic monitoring, medical monitoring, etc. In multiple fields. Positioning technology is one of the key core technologies of sensor networks.

 This thesis focuses on the non-ranging location algorithm in wireless sensor networks. It is mainly aimed at solving the problem that the neighbor nodes have large errors for the signals received by the beacon nodes due to the actual environmental factors, and simulates the proposed scheme to explore its feasibility.The wireless sensor network positioning technology mainly consists of a ranging positioning algorithm and a non-ranging positioning algorithm. The ranging positioning algorithm has high accuracy, but depends on time synchronization or high hardware requirements, and is not easy to implement on a large scale. The simple and easy-to-implement feature of the non-ranging positioning algorithm makes it more advantageous, but because the algorithm assumes that the nodes are distributed in the ideal region, ignoring the complex situation of the actual environment, a large error will occur.In the improved algorithm in this paper, after simulation analysis, the error can be reduced and the accuracy of node positioning can be improved.

Key words: wireless sensor network; location technology; non-ranging location algorithm; neighbor node

目录

摘要 Ⅰ

Abstract Ⅱ

第一章 绪论 1

1.1课题研究背景 1

1.2 课题研究现状 2

1.3 本文的主要研究内容 3

第二章 无线传感器网络定位算法 4

2.1 质心算法 4

2.2 APIT算法 4

2.3 Amouphous算法 5

第三章 DV - Hop算法介绍和仿真误差分析 6

3.1 Dv-Hop算法介绍 6

3.1.1计算节点之间跳数 6

3.1.2计算未知节点和信标节点间跳段的平均距离D： 6

3.1.3未知节点计算自身位置 6

3.2 DV - Hop算法仿真 7

3.3 误差分析 8

第四章 基于邻居节点DV - Hop算法仿真的优化 11

4.1设置阈值N 11

4.2 筛选信标节点 12

第五章 总结与展望 13

5.1 总结 13

5.2 展望 13

第六章 致谢 14

参考文献 15

附录 16

第一章 绪论

随着时代的不断进步和科技飞速发展，更小，更便捷和更廉价的微型设备代替了传统的台式计算机，这代表着新兴信息和网络技术来临，它代表着更高性能服务器的设计模式，同时普遍化的网络通信给计算机对于数据的处理能力造成了难以估计的提高。微机电系统（micor-electro-mechanism system, MEMS）的发展和硅芯片技术的高度集成造就出了一个新兴领域——无线传感器网络。无线传感器网络是结合了传感器、无线通信和嵌入式系统三方面技术的新型网络技术。

1.1课题研究背景

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