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摘 要

本科生签名： 指导导师签名： 日期：

白光LED的仿真与优化

摘 要

半导体照明是目前国家重点扶持的新兴产业，近年来，LED技术己经取得了引人注目的性能提升，继而LED的光效也得到了改善，但仍然存在光通量偏低，色品质不高等问题。在实际生产研发过程中，这些技术问题将会给LED产业的发展与LED的推广造成极大的障碍。进一步改进对LED及其配套元件的设计，可以优化LED的性能，促进LED市场的发展。

本文介绍了白光LED的工作原理和发展历程，分析其应用前景及目前存在的问题。重点说明了LED在背光模组上的应用，介绍了背光模组的发展及优缺点。然后使用TracePro、ANSYS等模拟软件，建立白光LED仿真模型，对白光LED的寿命、显色指数等性能进行分析。本文采用的白光LED的原理由蓝光LED芯片激发黄色荧光粉而成。所以，针对荧光粉的浓度、组成成分对白光LED的发光特性的影响进行了探讨，说明显色指数会随着荧光粉浓度的增加，先上升然后下降，选择掺入匹配适当浓度的红色荧光粉可以提高显色指数。用Ansys分析白光LED的结温，探讨影响结温的几个因素，说明增加铝制基板厚度、减少衬底厚度和使用导热性能更好的衬底材料可以改善散热，降低结温。本文的第二部分是建立LED的背光源模型，分别探讨了侧入式和直下式背光源模型的发光特性及散热情况。说明合理设计侧入式导光板网点分布，以及增加直下式背光模组的LED数量和背光腔的高度，可以改善背光源的均匀性。合理安排直下式背光源中LED的间距，增加铝制散热板的厚度和长度可以改善背光源的散热情况。

关键词：白光LED，仿真，显色指数，LED背光源，荧光粉

THE SIMULATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF WHITE LED

Abstract

Semiconductor lighting is the national key support emerging industries. In recent years, LED technology has achieved remarkable performance improvement, which in turn LED the photosynthetic efficiency is also improved. In the process of actual production and research, these technical problems mentioned above will cause great obstacles to the development of LED industry and the promotion of LED. Further improvement to the design of LED and its supporting components, can optimize the performance of the LED and promote the development of LED market

This paper introduces the working principle of white LED and development course, analyzed its application prospect and the existing problems. We focus on illustrating the application of LED in the backlight module, this paper introduces the development of a backlight module and the advantages and disadvantages. Then we use TracePro, ANSYS simulation software to establish the white LED simulation model, the lifetime of white LED, color rendering index and other performance are analyzed. We use the white LED which consists of the blue LED chip and the yellow phosphor. So, in view of the phosphor concentration, composition of white LED light-emitting characteristics are discussed in this paper, which shows that color index will first increase and then decrease as the phosphor concentration increase, and selecting appropriate concentration of red phosphors can improve the color rendering index . Then we use the Ansys to analyze white LED junction temperature, to explore factors influencing the junction temperature, shows that increasing the thickness of aluminum substrate and reducing the thickness of the substrate and the use of better substrate material which has better thermal conductive performance can improve the heat dissipation and reduce the junction temperature The second part of this thesis is about LED backlight unit. There are two kinds of backlight unit. Simulation results show that reasonable designed edge-lit LED backlight’s light guide plate, as well as increasing the number of LED of Direct-lit LED backlight module and a backlight cavity height, can improve the uniformity of back light. Reasonable arrangement of Direct-lit LED backlight’s LED spacing, increase the thickness of the aluminum radiator panels and length can improve the heat dissipation of back light.

KEY WORDS: white LED, simulation, CRI, LED backlight unit, phosphor

目录

白光LED的仿真与优化 1

摘 要 1

第一章 绪论 4

1.1 白光LED的现状概述 4

1.2 白光LED的在背光模组上的应用 5

1.3 选题的背景和意义 6

第二章 白光LED及背光模组仿真的理论基础 7

2.1 白光LED的寿命 7

2.2白光LED的显色指数 9

2.3 背光模组的工作原理 11

2.4 仿真软件介绍 13

第三章 白光LED的仿真分析与优化 14

3.1白光LED的光学仿真 14

3.2 白光LED的热分析 20

3.3 白光LED的优化分析 25

第四章 背光模组的仿真分析与优化 26

4.1 背光模组的光学仿真 26

4.2 背光模组的热分析 30

4.3 背光模组的优化分析 34

第五章 总结与展望 34

致谢 35

参考文献 35

绪论

白光LED的现状概述

白光LED的结构及原理

LED是也是一种二极管，核心是PN结，是由半导体材料制成。例如砷化镓等等。P型半导体与N型半导体之间存在一个过渡层，这便是PN结。发光二极管可以作为光源，是因为他除了具有普通二极管的特性之外，还具有发光特性。Pn结加上正电压之后，空穴与电子复合，能量以光子形式发出，直接将电能转化为光能。不同带隙的PN结会发出不同波长的光。LED因此成了一种新型固态冷光源^[1]。

导带与价带之间存在能级差，电子在这两者之间跃迁发出光子。光的波长取决于禁带宽度，不同波长的光对应着不同的颜色，因此，我们就可以使用不同禁带的材料制成各种颜色的发光二极管。目前，红光、绿光、蓝光这三基色的发光二极管都已经制造出来 ^[2]。

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