二次生长法制备金纳米颗粒阵列及其光电特性研究

论文总字数：21347字

摘 要

贵金属纳米颗粒具有表面等离子体共振这一重要性质。由于具有选择性光散射和吸收、局域电场增强、可远程传播等优良特性，表面等离激元已经广泛应用于众多领域，例如局域表面等离激元共振传感器、表面等离激元激光、表面增强光谱等等。本文着重讨论的是相对稳定的金纳米颗粒阵列的制备，以及基于此的金属荧光增强测试。

首先，本文提出了利用纳米颗粒的自组装及二次生长相结合的方法制备随机纳米间隙结构。现有的制备金属纳米颗粒阵列的工艺已经可以实现制备规则的纳米间隙结构，但或多或少都存在制备效率低、制备成本高等诸多问题，适用于制备规则间隙形状来研究一些比较深入的物理规律现象，不利于制备大面积纳米间隙结构。利用颗粒自组装工艺，可以制备大面积纳米颗粒阵列，形成间隙阵列。但是利用颗粒自组装工艺制备的颗粒，间距一般都比较大（几十纳米量级）不利于电子在颗粒之间的隧穿。以此为基础，将纳米颗粒的自组装与二次生长相结合，是制备随机纳米间隙结构的理想方法。

利用制备得到的金纳米颗粒阵列，进行金属增强量子点荧光分析，最终得到的结果是荧光淬灭。经过分析，这是由于量子点和颗粒之间的间距没有控制好，导致了荧光淬灭。目前仍在就此进行进一步研究，寻求可以产生荧光增强效果的方法。

关键字：表面等离激元 金纳米颗粒阵列 自组装 二次生长 荧光增强

Research on the preparation of Au nanoparticle array by growth and test of its optoelectronic properties

Abstract

Metal nanoparticles have the important properties of surface plasmon resonance. Because of selective light scattering and absorption, local electric field enhancement, remote communication and other excellent properties, surface plasmon has been widely used in many fields, such as sensor, laser, spectroscopy, and so on. This paper focuses on the preparation of relatively stable gold nanoparticle arrays, as well as the enhancement of metal fluorescence based on this.First of all, this paper proposes a new method to prepare the random nano gap structure. A large area nano particle array can be prepared by the self-assembly process of particles. However, the particles prepared by the self-assembly process of particles, which are usually relatively large are not conducive to the tunneling of electrons between the particles. Based on this, the self-assembly of nanoparticles and the combination of growth are the ideal method for the preparation of random nano gap structures.

By using the gold nanoparticle array, the fluorescence analysis of metal enhanced quantum dots was carried out, but the results were obtained. Through analysis, this is because the distance between the quantum dot and the particle is not well controlled, which leads to the quenching of fluorescence.

Keywords ：surface plasmon resonance，gold nanoparticle array，self-assembly ，growth，fluorescence enhancement

目录

摘要Ⅰ

Abstract Ⅱ

第一章 绪论1

1.1表面等离激元1

1.1.1表面等离激元的原理1

1.1.2表面等离激元的应用举例3

1.2表面增强荧光4

1.2.1表面增强荧光的原理4

1.2.2金属增强荧光的应用举例5

1.3金属纳米颗粒制备方法概述6

第二章 金纳米颗粒溶液的制备-柠檬酸钠还原法8

2.1.1实验材料 8

2.1.2实验设备 8

2.1.3实验过程8

2.1.4实验分析与讨论 9

2.1.5实验结论 11

第三章 二次生长法制备金纳米颗粒阵列12

3.1引言12

3.2金纳米颗粒自组装12

3.3金纳米颗粒二次生长14

第四章 基于金颗粒阵列的金属增强量子点荧光的分析18

4.1半导体量子点18

4.1.1半导体量子点概述18

4.1.2半导体量子点的应用18

4.2 CdSe/ZnS量子点19

4.3金属增强量子点荧光的分析19

4.3.1油溶性量子点的表征19

4.2.2金纳米颗粒阵列荧光特性分析20

第五章 总结与展望23

致谢27

参考文献28

第一章 绪论

1.1表面等离激元

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