论文总字数：18748字

目 录

一、引言 1

二、数据来源 2

（一）数据介绍 2

（二）AERONET站点介绍 2

1.北京 2

2.太湖 2

三、结果与讨论 3

（一）气溶胶光学厚度与Angstrom波长指数变化趋势 3

（二）气溶胶光学厚度空间分布 5

（三）粗细粒子光学厚度变化趋势 5

（四）气溶胶粒子尺度谱分布 6

（五）单次散射反照率 7

（六）复折射指数 8

四、结论 8

参考文献 9

致谢 12

中国东部地区气溶胶光学特性研究

周鸿飞

, China

Abstract: In order to understand the aerosol optical properties over eastern China, the AERONET data of Beijing from 2001 to 2016 and Taihu Lake from 2005 to 2012 were used to compare and analyze aerosol optical parameters, including the aerosol optical depth, Angstrom exponent, optical depth of fine particles and coarse particles, aerosol particle size distribution, single scattering albedo and complex refraction index. We also used the MODIS data from 2002 to 2017 to discuss the spatial distribution of aerosol optical depth in a large area over eastern China. The results showed that the high value region of aerosol optical depth over eastern China was enlarged. The annual average value of aerosol optical depth in Beijing has decreased for many years, and the annual average value of Angstrom wavelength index was also decreasd.While the annual average aerosol optical depth and Angstrom exponent over Taihu Lake had not changed much for many years.The proportion of days of high aerosol optical depth in Beijing area is high, both fine particles and coarse particles could lead to high aerosol optical depth, and the decrease of solar extinction caused by fine particles leads to the decrease of total aerosol extinction. Compared with Beijing，the percentage of high aerosol optical depth over Taihu Lake were relatively low, and most of them were caused by fine particles. Both the change of optical depth of fine particles and the change of optical depth coarse particles are not significant. The size distributions of aerosol particles in Beijing and Taihu Lake were both bimodal. The coarse modal peak was the main modal peak over Beijing, while the fine modal peak was the main modal peak over Taihu Lake. The single scattering albedo over Beijing was slightly lower than that over Taihu Lake, while the real and imaginary parts of complex refraction index were slightly higher than those over Taihu Lake.

Key words: Beijing; Taihu; aerosol; optical properties

一、引言

近年来，随着全球范围内大气污染日益严重，大气气溶胶愈发引起人们的重视。国内外学者们投入到对大气气溶胶的研究之中，并在各方面的取得了许多研究成果^[1-12]。大气气溶胶是指悬浮于大气中的固体与液体颗粒^[13]，其粒子直径通常在0.001-100 μm之间。大气气溶胶可分为两类：以粒子的形式直接从源头向大气排放的一次气溶胶，和通过固态或气态污染物的化学反应而转化形成的二次气溶胶^[13]。大气气溶胶的来源分为自然源和人为源，自然源主要包括海盐、土壤粉尘、植物花粉等，人为源主要包括工业过程、燃料燃烧、运输等^[13]。在中国东部，由于经济的高速发展，大气气溶胶的主要来源是各种化石燃料（如煤、石油、天然气等）的燃烧^[14]，由此产生的大气气溶胶化学组成复杂，而其中最重要的成分包括硫酸盐和炭等,其中碳质气溶胶又分为有机碳和黑炭。不同化学组成的气溶胶具有不同的光学特性，具体来说，硫酸盐气溶胶和有机碳气溶胶对太阳辐射主要起反射作用，而黑炭气溶胶对太阳辐射主要起吸收作用^[15]，黑炭气溶胶虽然浓度较低，但也相当重要。

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