论文总字数：21879字

目 录

摘要2

Abstract3

1.引言4

1.1 研究目的和意义..4

1.2 国内外研究现状4

2.微波辐射计.5

2.1 微波辐射计介绍.5

2.2 微波辐射计探测原理6

2.3 大气下行辐亮温计算理论7

3.基于晴空状态的亮温数据分析和偏差订正.7

3.1晴空状态下亮温观测数据和模拟数据的一致性分析.7

3.2 基于晴空状态的观测亮温系统偏差订正.9

4.基于云天样本的大气温湿廓线反演12

4.1云天反演的理论基础12

4.2云天样本的云影响订正13

4.3 BP神经网络算法介绍15

4.4 BP神经网络算法反演大气温湿廓线16

4.5本章小结20

5.总结与展望21

5.1结论21

5.2不足与展望21

6.参考文献22

7.致谢24

云对地基微波遥感大气温湿度的影响

仲鹏志

, China

Abstract: In this paper,which based on a ground-based microwave radiometer from Guangzhou Conghua, the influence of cloud presence on the inversion of the secondary temperature-wet profile was studied based on the correction of the observed brightness temperature. Firstly, according to the NCEP atmospheric data from independent sources, we input the radiant transmission mode MWGRND to calculate the simulated bright temperature in the clear sky. Then according to the consistency analysis of the simulated bright temperature and observed bright temperature, we select the clear sky sample and establish a correction plan for all data. Perform system deviation corrections. Then, using the brightness temperature data after correction of the system bias to filter out the sky-cloud samples, and then according to the relationship between the downlink radiation brightness temperature and the temperature-wetness profile under the cloud-sky conditions, the method to improve the inversion accuracy of the temperature-wet profile when there are clouds is explored. According to radiative transfer equation, it can be concluded that the bright temperature under the cloud-sky conditions can be divided into two parts, namely “atmospheric radiation contribution” and “cloud emission contribution”, if the “cloud contribution to radiation” part is also used for temperature The inversion of the wet profile will inevitably increase the inversion error. Therefore, before inversion of the temperature-wet profile, the cloud influence correction must be performed first, and then the BP neural network algorithm is used to perform the inversion of the temperature-wet profile.

Keywords：Ground-based Microwave Radiometer；Radiation transfer equation；Temperature and wet profiles；Retrieval

引言

研究目的和意义

大气探测是指对表征大气状况的气象要素、天气现象及其变化过程进行个别或者系统的、连续的观察和测定，并对获得的数据进行整理的过程和方法。常规的气象观测按照探测方法可以分为目测、直接观测、遥感探测。现今，大气探测具有地面与遥感结合、固定与机动结合、空基与地基结合、高密度获取信息等特点。

随着探测技术的不断发展，地基微波辐射计在气象方面的应用也越发地广泛起来，成为大气探测中的一种重要手段。地基微波辐射计是一种被动遥感仪器，通过接收大气的下行辐射亮温度，从而反演出完整的温湿廓线^[1]。微波辐射计可以在大多数环境下进行对气象要素的探测,能满足对大气温湿廓线以及云和降水进行连续观测的需要。在目前中尺度天气现象观测过程中，探空气球是常用的手段。但是探空气球会受到使用时间和空间的限制，而微波辐射计能很好地弥补其时间和空间分辨率低、气象要素值连续性差和成本高等的缺点；而气象卫星数据在离地面5公里范围内会存在较大的误差^[2-3]。所以地基微波辐射计是有效的补充手段。

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