论文总字数：14040字

目 录

1 引言 3

2 资料与方法 3

2.1 研究区域概况 3

2.2 研究方案和方法 4

2.2.1 WRF模拟方案 4

2.2.2 土地利用数据的分析方法 5

3 结果与分析 7

3.1 热场时空分布特征 4

3.1.1 热场随时间的变化 4

3.1.2 热场随空间的分布 5

3.2 热场随土地利用类型的变化 10

3.3 城市规划建议 11

4 讨论结果 12

4.1 研究结果讨论 12

4.2 研究方法讨论 13

参考文献 13

致谢 16

基于WRF的城市热场与城市改善规划建议

姜静敏

, China

Abstract: Due to the rapid development of urbanization, the impact of urban thermal field distribution on urban micro-climate environment has been aggravated. Therefore, analyzing the effect of urban underlying structure on urban thermal field will help to consider the role of urban micro-meteorological environmental factors in urban planning and provide an important basis for alleviating the urban heat island effect. Taking Jinjiang City as an example, this paper uses the typical high-temperature daily thermal field data simulated by the WRF model and combines it with MODIS land use data to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of urban thermal field on a typical day in Jinjiang City. In addition, the contribution of temperature differences of different types of land use such as Dense Tall Vegetation, Sparse Low Vegetation, Urban and Build-Up, Permanent Wetlands, and Sea to thermal fields was compared. The results showed that during the typical high temperature days, when the daily maximum temperature of Jinjiang City appeared, the temperature gradually decreased from north to south. The temperatures in the central and northern regions generally exceeded 32°C, and the temperatures in the south and southeast regions generally exceeded 28°C. The daily maximum temperature of Urban and Build-Up in Jinjiang City is higher than that of the other four land use modes. Among them, the average temperature of the four types of non-urban construction lands in descending order are Permanent Wetlands, Sparse Low Vegetation, Dense Tall Vegetation, and Sea. It is concluded that setting a larger area of vegetation and water in urban planning can effectively reduce the intensity of urban heat islands and improve the quality of life of urban residents.

Key words: urban thermal field; land use; urban planning

1 引言

随着城市化和区域城市化发展，城市的数量和规模在不断增大，城市人口趋向集中分布，且城市地表多为建筑和混凝土等非蒸发性表面，这些使得城市气温、湿度、风向、风速和环流等与郊区产生很大差别，城市和郊区形成两种差异很大的气候环境^[1]，导致城市温度高于郊区温度，因此关于城郊环境^[2] 的一种主要现象城市热岛效应（urban heat island, UHI）的研究相继展开。

由于城市化进程迅速发展，与城市化相关的土地利用和土地覆盖变化对城市气候有相当大的影响，其中城市热岛效应是研究得最多的城市气候变化现象。在城市热场研究初期，获得温度数据主要方法是气象观测和遥感监测方法。但由于城市化发展和人为释放热量引起的潜在地表变化对城市热岛^[3]的相对贡献，很难与观测数据区分开来，因此越来越多的专家学者开展模拟研究，利用数值模拟方法^[4,5]调查城市化对天气和气候的影响，以及塑造城市热岛空间和时间格局^[6]的各种尺度的过程。

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