论文总字数：25860字

摘 要

随着我国机动车保有量的持续增加，危险驾驶罪案件频发，但是学者对危险驾驶罪的探讨主要集中在“醉酒驾驶类”危险驾驶罪，其他类型探讨较少，不能适应该罪数量和类型增多的现实困境。不仅如此，现有理论也不能很好的指导司法实践。因此，本文针对该罪司法适用问题进行了相关研究。全文以危险驾驶罪在司法适用中构成要件阶层和责任阶层中的问题为导向，从行政法、刑法等领域深入分析，并提出了相应的解决方案。

在危险驾驶罪的司法实践中，现阶段存在的主要问题是：（1）“追逐竞驶”类危险驾驶罪采用了“情节恶劣”这一整体评价要素，刑法解释空间较大，可能违反罪刑法定原则；（2）该罪认为只要达到行政法规要求的酒精浓度标准，司法机关就将其认定为危险驾驶罪，鲜少有出罪的可能性，可能违反刑法谦抑性原则；（3）危险驾驶罪主观责任不明，司法机关选择模糊该罪的主观责任认定，可能违反责任主义原则。

针对整体评价要素司法解释空间较大的问题，本文认为应从司法裁判和行政规制与行政关系角度改善整体评价要素模糊性的问题；针对危险驾驶罪司法实践“但书”出罪说难以适用的问题，本文认为应采用综合判断标准说，即在客观判断的标准上针对个案进行具体主观判断，看是否符合醉酒驾驶构成要件，如果未影响其意志判断并可以正常驾驶，则允许“抽象危险犯”的反证；针对司法机关对该罪主观责任模糊处理的难题，本文从体系解释等角度处罚，认为该罪为故意犯罪。

关键词：法定犯 整体评价要素 综合判断标准 刑法基本原则 但书出罪

ABSTRACT

With the continuous increase of motor vehicle ownership in China, the crime of dangerous driving frequently occur, but scholars' discussion of the crime of dangerous driving mainly focuses on the type of drunk driving. Other types are less discussed and cannot adapt to the number of crimes and the real dilemma of increasing types. Besides，the current theory does not guide judicial practice very well. Therefore, this paper has carried out related research on the judicial application of this crime. The full text is based on the problem of the crime of dangerous driving in the judicial application and the responsibility class, and from the administrative law, criminal law and other fields, and proposes corresponding solutions.

In the judicial application of the crime of dangerous driving, the main problems at this stage are: (1) The crime of dangerous driving in the category of “chasing racing” adopts the overall evaluation factor of “bad plot”, and the criminal law has a large space for interpretation, which may violate the legality of crimes. (2) The crime considers that as long as the alcohol concentration standard required by administrative regulations is met, the judiciary identifies it as a dangerous driving offence, and there is little possibility of conviction, which may violate the principle of modesty of criminal law; (3) danger The subjective responsibility for driving crimes is unclear, and the judiciary's choice to obscure the subjective responsibility of the crime may violate the principle of responsibility.

In view of the large space of judicial interpretation of the overall evaluation factor, this paper believes that the relationship between judicial judgment and administrative regulation and administrative relationship should be improved to improve the ambiguity of the overall evaluation factor; it is difficult to apply the sin of the judicial practice of dangerous driving crimes. Question, this paper believes that the comprehensive judgment standard should be adopted, that is, the subjective judgment on the case is judged on the criteria of objective judgment to see whether it meets the requirements of drunk driving, and if it does not affect its will judgment and can drive normally, then “abstract dangerous criminals are allowed”. The counter-evidence; in response to the problem of the fuzzy handling of the subjective responsibility of the judiciary, this article penalizes from the perspective of system interpretation and considers the crime to be intentional.

Key words: statutory offense, overall evaluation elements, comprehensive judgment criteria, basic principles of criminal law, proviso

目 录

摘 要 II

ABSTRACT III

一、问题的提出 1

二、危险驾驶罪整体评价要素具体化之建议 2

（一）整体评价要素司法认定危害 2

1、整体评价要素违反罪刑法定原则 3

2、整体评价要素违反客观主义原则 4

3、整体评价要素留下权力寻租空间 5

（二）整体评价要素具体化建议 6

1、司法具体化建议 6

2、立法具体化建议 6

三、危险驾驶罪综合判断标准出罪说之提倡 7

（一）绝对客观标准说认定标准存疑 7

1、“绝对客观标准说”违反个案公正 7

2、“绝对客观标准说”违反刑法谦抑性 8

（二）综合判断标准出罪说之提出 9

1、综合认定标准概念界定 9

2、综合认定标准说争议 9

四、危险驾驶罪主观故意说之主张 10

（一）“醉驾类”主观责任主要争议概述 10

1、理论争议 10

2、司法实践选择 11

（二）“运输危险化学物品”主观责任认定 12

1、探讨之现实意义 12

2、探讨之理论意义 13

3、“运输危险化学物品”故意说之探讨 13

五、结论 15

参考文献 17

危险驾驶罪的司法适用研究

一、问题的提出

截至2018年，我国机动车保有量已突破2亿辆。随着我国机动车保有量的持续增长，醉酒驾车和机动车“飙车”等危险驾驶行为数量也持续增加。在行政法规不能有效遏制上述行为从而达到预防目的的情形下，《刑法修正案 (八)》通过增设罪名的方式实现了危险驾驶行为的犯罪化，将醉酒驾车和追逐竞驶两类危险驾驶行为规定为危险驾驶罪，其中追逐竞驶行为需要达到“情节恶劣”的程度。考虑到该罪日益多样化的表现形式,已有的刑法规范已经不能妥善处理司法实践中危险驾驶行为类型增多的问题 ,《刑法修正案 (九) 》又以增加犯罪行为类型的方式,将校车及客运严重超员超速以及危及公共安全的违规运输危险化学品的行为纳入危险驾驶罪的规制范围。

至《刑法修正案（九）》，现行立法以完全列举的方式，总共规定了四类构成犯罪的危险驾驶行为，但危险驾驶罪并未留下开放行为类型的余地，限缩了危险驾驶罪刑法解释空间，其他存在开放构成要件要素的条款如《刑法》第114条危害公共安全罪中规定“以其他危险方法危害公共安全”，该条立法则给其他危害公共安全的行为留下了罪刑法定原则下扩大解释的空间。

剩余内容已隐藏，请支付后下载全文，论文总字数：25860字