论文总字数:25113字
摘 要
随着社会的逐步发展,我们慢慢加大了对公共服务或基础设施质量与数量的要求,但是政府的财政支出与公众基础设施的需求之间存在着愈发不对等的供需关系。为了解决公共服务和基础设施各个领域的相关难题,我们国家开始采用政府和社会资本合作的模式。然而,社会资本方中的民营企业作为参与者,自身实力的局限性和融资环境的变化,例如严格地方政府债务管理、金融市场去杠杆等,他们在PPP项目进行的每个阶段都会遇到各种现金流问题,例如投资落地难、融资难、运营难等问题,民营企业主动参与PPP项目债务融资困难。PPP模式一直具有高热度,也受到国家有关部门的重视,为了能使PPP模式在我国更好的发展与惠民,故本课题尝试以江苏徐州市沛县供水项目为例,对民营企业参与PPP项目债务融资的困境进行研究与分析。
本人查找了相关基础理论,利用文献研究法、案例分析法,基于江苏徐州市沛县供水项目的案例研究,结合PPP项目的特点和相关政策背景,根据中国知网、财政部政府与社会资本合作中心(CPPPC)、明树数据等,拟从政府方、社会资本方、项目机制等诸多方面找出相应解决对策。
通过分析,本研究认为:PPP项目融资采用多样组合融资模式且需要全过程融资,我们需要注意PPP项目的税务筹划、企业由于自身而导致的经营性风险,其中包括:不适度的投资行为、不合理的融资行为和本身的经营特征。民营企业参与PPP项目本身就是政府、民营企业以及项目公司三方的合作伙伴关系,因此应从政府层面和民营企业以及金融机构层面共同努力对债务融资困境,例如:PPP项目资本金制度改革建议、发展租赁模式、探索基础设施捆绑商业开发、加快PPP二级市场的培育等等。
关键词:PPP项目;民营企业;债务融资
Difficulties and Countermeasures of Private Enterprises Participating in PPP Project Debt Financing:Taking Peixian Water Supply Project in Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province as an Example
Abstract
With the gradual development of society, we have gradually increased the requirements for the quality and quantity of public services or infrastructure, but there is an increasingly unequal supply-demand nexus between the nation's fiscal expenditure and the demand for public infrastructure. In order to solve the related problems in various fields of infrastructures, China has begun to adopt the "cooperation mode between government and social capital". However, social capital, especially private enterprises, as participants, The limitations of their own strength and changes in the financing environment, such as strict local government debt management, financial market deleveraging, etc., will encounter various cash flow problems at each stage of PPP projects, such as difficult investment landing, difficult financing, difficult operation and other problems, and private enterprises will actively participate in PPP project debt financing difficulties. In order to make PPP mode better develop and benefit the people in our country, this topic attempts to take the water supply project in Peixian County, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province as an example to study and analyze the predicament of private enterprises participating in PPP project debt financing.
This subject searches for the relevant basic theory, Based on the case study of the water supply project in Peixian County, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, using the methods of literature research and case analysis, combined with the characteristics of PPP project and relevant policy background, according to CNKI, the Ministry of Finance Government and Social Capital Cooperation Center (CPPPC), Mingshu data, etc., this paper intends to find out the corresponding solutions from the government, social capital, project mechanism and many other aspects.
Through analysis, this study holds that PPP project financing adopts various combination financing modes and needs the whole process of financing. We need to take notice of the tax planning of PPP projects and the risks caused by the enterprise's own operating characteristics, including: lack of rationality in financing planning, reasons for the company's operating characteristics and lack of moderation in investment behavior. The participation of private enterprises in PPP projects is itself a partnership among the government, private enterprises and project companies. Therefore, joint efforts should be made from the government level and the private enterprise level to solve the debt financing difficulties, such as: PPP project capital system reform proposals, development of leasing mode, exploration of infrastructure binding commercial development, speeding up the cultivation of PPP secondary market, etc.
Keywords: PPP project; Private enterprises; Debt financing
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第一章 绪 论 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究目的及意义 1
1.3 研究内容及方法 2
1.4 论文框架 2
第二章 基础理论与文献综述 4
2.1 理论基础 4
2.1.1 PPP项目及特点 4
2.1.2 债务融资及类型 4
2.2 文献综述 5
第三章 我国PPP项目的现状 7
3.1 发展历程 7
3.2 行业分布 7
3.3 运营模式 8
3.3 我国PPP项目对经济发展的意义 8
第四章 民营企业参与PPP项目债务融资存在的问题及对策建议 10
4.1 民营企业参与PPP项目中债务融资存在的问题 10
4.2 原因分析 11
4.3 民营企业参与PPP项目债务融资未来发展的对策建议 12
第五章 案例分析 14
5.1 案例背景及实施情况 14
5.2 公司经营及融资风险 15
5.3 应对债务融资困境的对策 16
5.4 项目评价 17
结 论 18
参考文献(References) 19
致 谢 21
第一章 绪 论
1.1 研究背景
Public-Private-Partnership可以翻译为公私合作,最初起源于英国15世纪时的付费公路,而后,撒切尔夫人在位时引发的政府再造运动以及民营化浪潮,1997年时,英国在联合国可持续发展项目管理会议上提出政府与社会资本合作模式。2014年起,我国大力发展PPP模式,政府与社会资本通过发挥各自优势进行长期合作,通过合约一起为公共提供产品与服务,政府方主要负责宏观层面——协调与监督,社会资本方主要负责微观层面——建设与运营,双方利益共享、风险共担。这几年,我国PPP市场在投资规模、项目数量、覆盖行业等方面迅速发展,据统计,截至2020年3月,其相关的项目资金已超过14.39万亿元,而数量也已经超过了9400个,覆盖了市政工程、交通运输、生态建设和环境保护等19个行业领域,目前我国已发展成全球规模最大的PPP市场。我国PPP项目增速虽快,然而相关规章制度却比较落后。
社会发展加大了对公共服务或基础设施方面质量与数量的要求,但是政府的财政支出与公共需求存在着供需不对等关系,所以党中央大力提倡鼓励社会资本方(尤其是民营企业)加入到基础设施的建设与经营中。管理者在传统财政体制下解决财政赤字问题时,往往采用的是银行信贷等渠道,这是违背财税改革中对财政预算的要求的,而在财税体制、投融资、金融等领域改革下,PPP模式很好的解决了政府方财政融资困境,也解决了隐性债务增长快的风险。而后,国务院陆续出台了PPP项目操作指南、PPP项目合同指南等诸多相关政策文件,还创办了PPP项目库以及相关网站,检查项目的落地与实施并进行推广。然而,PPP项目实施难、融资难的情况使多数项目进展缓慢。
剩余内容已隐藏,请支付后下载全文,论文总字数:25113字
该课题毕业论文、开题报告、外文翻译、程序设计、图纸设计等资料可联系客服协助查找;